主动脉弓替换加支架“象鼻”手术治疗Stanford A型主动脉夹层  

Total arch replacement combined with stented elephant trunk implantation for Stanford type A aortic dissection

作　　者：孙立忠[1] 刘志刚[1] 常谦[1] 朱俊明[1] 董超[1] 于存涛[1] 熊辉[1] 刘晋萍[1] 王古岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学阜外心血管病医院血管外科中心,北京100037

出　　处：《中华外科杂志》2004年第13期812-816,共5页Chinese Journal of Surgery

摘　　要：目的　总结采用升主动脉及全弓替换加支架“象鼻”手术治疗StanfordA型主动脉夹层的临床经验。方法　 2 0 0 3年 4月～ 2 0 0 4年 3月 ,对我院连续收治的 4 0例StanfordA型主动脉夹层患者行升主动脉及全弓替换加支架“象鼻”手术 ,其中男性 35例、女性 5例 ,平均年龄 5 3( 2 8～ 78)岁 ,急性主动脉夹层 2 3例、慢性夹层 17例。均在深低温停循环、低流量选择性脑灌注下手术。单纯行升主动脉及全弓替换加支架“象鼻”手术 2 5例 ;同期行冠状动脉旁路移植术 (CABG) 3例 ,主动脉根部替换手术 (Bentall术 ) 5例 ,主动脉瓣成形术 7例 (同时行主动脉窦重建 3例、行CABG 3例 )。急诊手术13例。结果　平均体外循环时间 ( 16 6± 38)min ,平均心肌阻断时间 ( 10 7± 2 8)min ,选择性脑灌注时间 ( 30± 15 )min。住院死亡 2例 ( 5 % ,2 / 4 0 ) ,1例术后 2周死于多脏器功能衰竭 ,另 1例术后 2个月死于多发脑梗死。术后截瘫 1例 ( 2 % ,1/ 4 0 ) ,病因不清 ;血管吻合口出血二次开胸止血 3例 ;乳糜胸3例 ,治疗后痊愈。 38例存活患者出院前行电子束CT检查 :升主动脉及弓部人工血管血流通畅 ,支架“象鼻”段降主动脉假腔完全消失 ,主动脉管壁结构恢复。在支架“象鼻”远端 ,降主动脉真腔较术前明显扩大 ,假腔缩小。Objective To improve the long term outcomes of the surgery for Stanford type A aortic dissection, we performed ascending aorta and total aortic arch replacement combined with transaortic stented graft implantation into the descending aorta for acute and chronic type A aortic dissection. Methods From April 2003 to March 2004, 40 consecutive patients with acute or chronic Stanford type A aortic dissection underwent this procedure. Right axillary artery cannulation was routinely used for cardiopulmonary bypass and selected cerebral perfusion. The stented elephant trunk was implanted through the aortic arch under hypothermic circulatory arrest. The stented elephant trunk was a 10 cm long self expandable graft. Enhanced electric beam computed tomography (EBCT) was performed in each patient before discharge, three month after surgery, and once each year after discharge to evaluate the postoperative time course of the residual false lumen. Results Cardiopulmonary bypass time was (166±38) min, average cross clamp time was (107±28) min, and average selective cerebral perfusion and lower body arrest time was (30±15) min. The in hospital mortality was 5% (2/40).One patient died of multi organ failure postoperatively and another died of cerebral infarction 2 month after surgery. One suffered from spinal cord injury perioperatively. There was no late death during follow up. Conclusion Ascending aorta and total aortic arch replacement combined with transaortic stented graft implantation into the descending aorta is an effective way in closing the residual false lumen of the descending aorta and might contribute to the better long term outcomes of type A aortic dissection. Our half mortality of 2 patients suffering acute renal failure suggests that this group may be candidates for medical or delayed surgical intervention. Conversely, our 5 % mortality rate for those renal intact patients warrant aggressive and expeditious surgical treatment.

关 键 词：主动脉疾病 血管假体置人 支架 胸主动脉 

分 类 号：R654.3[医药卫生—外科学]