羟基氧化镍的研究进展  

Review of the R&D of nickel oxyhydroxides

作　　者：刘澧浦[1] 周震涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学材料科学与工程学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《电源技术》2004年第8期520-524,共5页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：由于锌镍电池具有电压高、比能量大、比功率大和对环境友好等优点,近年来越来越引起国内外基础科学界和工业界的关注。羟基氧化镍(NiOOH)作为锌镍电池的正极活性物质,已经逐步成为电池材料领域一个新的研究热点。综述了茁-NiOOH、酌-NiOOH以及纳米级NiOOH的各种制备方法,对茁-NiOOH和酌-NiOOH的晶体结构、拉曼光谱图、X射线衍射谱图进行了详细对比,阐明了影响a-Ni(OH)2/酌-NiOOH电极和茁-Ni(OH)2/茁-NiOOH电极可逆电极电势和放电比容量的各种因素,用“点缺陷结构模型”解释了酌-NiOOH中镍存在的混合价态问题,并对羟基氧化镍研究中存在的问题和发展前景进行了分析。In recent years Zn-Ni batteries have received increasing attention owing to their environmental friendly and their higher voltages and specific energies than other systems. As a cathode active material of Zn-Ni battery, nickel oxyhydroxide becomes more and more attractive in the area of the battery materials. The preparation of β-NiOOH?γ-NiOOH and nano-NiOOH were reviewed. The crystal structures, Raman spectra, XRD spectra of β-NiOOH and γ-NiOOH were compared. The variation of reversible potential and the discharge capacity of a -Ni(OH)2/γ-NiOOH electrode and β-Ni(OH)2/β-NiOOH electrode were clarified. The point defect structural model explained how Ni(Ⅳ) ions can be introduced into the nominally Ni(Ⅲ) in γ-NiOOH. The perspectives and the difficulties in the research of nickel oxyhydroxides were analyzed.

关 键 词：锌镍蓄电池 羟基氧化镍 充电性能 放电性能 电流效率 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]