不同施氮量对水稻旱育秧苗形态特征和生理特性的影响  

Effect of nitrogen application rate on morphological and physiological characters of rice dry seedbed seedlings

作　　者：王强盛[1] 丁艳锋[1] 严定春[1] 赵长华[1] 揭水通[1] 黄丕生[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2004年第3期11-14,共4页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏省农业新技术重大攻关资助项目(BG985 0 3 8);江苏省农业科技攻关资助项目(BE2 0 0 13 3 1)

摘　　要：以武香粳 9号和武运粳 7号为材料 ,研究了不同施氮量 ( 0、 10、 2 0和 4 0g·m-2 )对水稻旱育秧苗移栽期形态特征和生理特性的影响。结果表明 ,在施氮 2 0 g·m-2 时 ,秧苗单株叶面积、充实度、白根数和单株带蘖数等生长指标最好 ,植株全氮、叶片硝态氮和植株可溶性糖等碳氮物质含量最高 ,根系还原力、氧化力、活跃吸收面积和发根力最大 ,保护酶系统的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸 过氧化物酶活性最强 ;随施氮量增多 ,秧苗根长和根冠比逐渐降低 ,而叶片叶绿素含量随之增大 ,但增幅减少 ;较少或过多施用氮素降低了秧苗根系活力和保护酶活性 ,影响秧苗生长和生理优势。Effect of nitrogen application rate(NAR,0,10,20 and 40 g·m -2 )on morphological traits and physiological characters of rice dry seedbed seedlings at transplanting stage was studied by using the japonica varieties of Wuxiangjing 9 and Wuyunjing 7.The results showed as follows.When NAR was 20 g·m -2 ,dry seedbed seedlings had the largest leaf area,the highest dry matter,the most white roots and tillers per plant,the highest content of plant nitrogen,leaf NO - 3 N and plant soluble sugar,the strongest root vigor of roots reducing activity,oxidation activity,active absorption area and new roots emergence vigor,the biggest protection enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and ascorbic acid peroxidase(AsA POD).The root length and the dry weight ratio of root to shoot of dry seedbed seedlings reduced gradually and the leaf chlorophyll content increased continuously with an increase in nitrogen application rate,but the increment extent decreased gradually.Little or excessive nitrogen fertilizer application decreased roots vigor and protection enzyme activity and reduced growth and physiology superiorities of dry seedbed seedlings.

关 键 词：施氮量 水稻 旱育秧苗 形态特征 生理特性 叶片 叶绿素 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]