硫元素对蔬菜地土壤NO_3^-淋溶损失的影响  

Effect of element sulphur on the leaching loss of NO_3^- from vegetable soil

作　　者：刘常珍[1] 赵言文[1] 胡正义[2] 高义民[3] 徐成凯[2] 毕冬梅[1] 肖新[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农学院,江苏南京210095 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与持续农业国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [3]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2004年第3期54-57,共4页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家 8 63计划资助项目 (TK 2 )

摘　　要：通过温室盆栽淋洗试验 ,研究了硫元素对蔬菜地土壤NO-3 淋溶损失和土壤无机氮含量的影响。结果表明 :在 12周试验期间 ,与对照相比 ,在种葱和不种葱条件下 ,硫元素处理土壤NO-3 N累积淋失量均降低 83%左右 ,NH+4 N累积淋失量分别增加 2 0 3和 2 4 9mg·pot-1,无机氮 (NH+4 N +NO-3 N)淋失量则均降低 6 0 %左右 ;试验结束后 ,其土壤无机氮浓度分别增高 82 7%和 74 8% ,且主要为NH+4 N。类似结果也在S2 O2 -3 处理中发现 ,但SO2 -4处理则无此现象。可见硫元素施入土壤后可抑制土壤氮的淋失 ,其作用机制是由硫元素氧化产生的S2 O2 -3 作用所致。鉴于S2 O2 -3 使用量是硫元素的 1 4倍 ,而后者效果仍然比前者好 ,因此认为硫元素是适用于蔬菜土壤的硝化抑制剂之一 ,特别是有效硫较低的土壤。The leaching loss of soil NO - 3 not only decreases fertilization nitrogen efficiency,but also results in pollution of surface/ground water.A leaching experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of element sulphur(S 0)on leaching loss of NO - 3 from vegetable soil and soil inorganic nitrogen level under greenhouse pot culture condition Compared with CK(without S 0 treatment),in the condition of with chive and without chive,the cumulative leaching loss of NO - 3 from soil were about 83% lower,cumulative loss of NH + 4 were 20 3 and 24 9 mg·pot -1 more respectively,cumulative loss of inorganic N(NO - 3+NH + 4)were about 60% lower under S 0 treatment during experiment for 12 weeks.After experiment,inorganic nitrogen content in soil were 82 7% and 74 8% larger respectively.The similar result was found under S 2O 2- 3 treatment,but not under SO 2- 4 treatment.Thus,implying application of S 0 could obviously decrease leaching loss of NO - 3 from soil.This could be contributed to nitrification inhibition of S 2O 2- 3 originated from oxidation of S 0 in soil.Though rate of S 2O 2- 3 supply was 1 4 times of S 0,inhibiting effect was better under treatment of S 0 than under S 2O 2- 3 treatment.It is suggested that S 0 can be used as nitrification inhibitor to control leaching loss of NO - 3 from vegetable soil,especially in those fields with lower soil available sulphur.

关 键 词：硫元素 蔬菜地 土壤 土壤硝态氮 淋溶损失 硝化抑制剂 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] S143[农业科学—农业基础科学]