氯酸钾对龙眼花芽分化期若干生理指标影响的研究  

Effects of Potassium Chlorate on Some Biological Indexes in the Period of Flower Bud Differentiation of Longan

作　　者：卢美英[1] 周歧伟[1] 朱建华[2] 黄景芬 朱建武[3] 何全光[1] 黄永敬[1] 徐炯志[1] 黄桂香[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530005 [2]广西农科院,南宁530007 [3]广西扶绥梁黎华侨林场,扶绥532107

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2004年第4期177-181,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家攻关项目(国攻2001BA901A27);广西区科学基金项目(桂科基0236007);广西科学研究与技术开发项目(桂科攻0322001-1);广西大学基金项目(XO102038)

摘　　要：在石硖龙眼花芽分化时期,根部施用氯酸钾,观察和测定若干生理指标及枝梢抽花穗率、单株产量和果实败育率,结果表明:适量施用氯酸钾,(1)提高了叶片中的叶绿素含量;(2)净光合速率(Pn)在生理分化期低于对照,进入形态分化期则高于对照;(3)可溶性糖、还原糖、可溶性蛋白质含量明显增加;(4)内源乙烯的发生量远远高于对照,出现高峰的快慢因氯酸钾施用量而异,施用量大,则出现高峰快,反之则慢些;(5)过氧化物酶(POD)活性低于对照,而高于喷洒乙烯利等常规促花措施;(6)枝梢抽花穗率略有提高,果实败育率下降,单株产量明显提高。Potassium chlorate was applied to 'Shixia'longan trees as soil drench in the period of flower bud differentiation, some biological indexes were researched. The conclusion was: (1)The contents of CHL was induced.(2)Net photosynthetic rate was reduced in period of physiological differentiation,and was raised in period of morphological differentiation. (3)Contents of soluble sugar, reductive sugar, and soluble protein were increased in evidence. (4)Contents of endogenetic ethylene (ETH) outclassesed CK, the speed of ETH peak coming depends potassium chlorate dosage, the bigger dosage the sooner speed. (5) Activity of POD enzyme was under then CK, but higher than traditional promoting flower measures for example spraying ETH.(6)The rate of flower shoot was a little higher then CK, the rate of panicles with aborted fruits was significantly lower, and the yield per tree was significantly higher then CK.

关 键 词：氯酸钾 龙眼 花芽分化期 叶绿素 净光合速率 可溶性糖 可溶性蛋白 乙烯 过氧化物酶 

分 类 号：S667.2[农业科学—果树学] S143.3[农业科学—园艺学]