论人民法院在民事诉讼中的职权  

On the Authority of the People's Court in Civil Action

作　　者：张卫平[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出　　处：《法学论坛》2004年第5期11-20,共10页Legal Forum

摘　　要：法院是民事纠纷的裁判者 ,裁判权是其最基本的职权 ,然而 ,在围绕着这一职权的行使而展开的一系列程序中 ,又衍生出诸多权利 ,如程序控制权、程序事项裁决权、调查取证权、释明权、事实认定权等。程序控制权和程序事项裁决权是法院控制诉讼的发生、发展和终止的节奏和方式并对程序争议事项进行裁判的权力 ;调查取证权、释明权和事实认定权作为法院的三大审理权 ,在不同的诉讼模式下是有所区别的。笔者认为 ,在我国 ,法院不应通过职权干预调查取证 ;释明权作为一把双刃剑 ,应正确把握和运用 ;而事实认定权的行使 ,则必须通过建立一套科学的证据规则 。A court is umpire of civil disputes, and the judicial power is the fundamental a court's authority. However, a amount of powers are derived from the procedure of exertion the authority, such as the power of procedure control and procedure arbitrament, investigating and obtaining evidence, interpreting, ascertaining facts. The power of procedure control and procedure arbitrament is the power that a court controls the cadences and modes of commencement, development and termination of a suit as well as the arbitrament of procedure disputes. As three main authorities of judicial power, the power of investigating and obtaining evidence, interpreting and ascertaining facts vary greatly in different law system. According to the author, the court shall not interfere in investigating and obtaining evidence through its authority; As a two-edged sword, the power of interpreting shall be correctly exerted; and the power of ascertaining facts shall be based on a set of scientific evidence rules to ensure the openness and impersonality of evaluation of evidence.

关 键 词：法院职权 程序控制权 调查取证权 释明权 

分 类 号：D926.2[政治法律—法学]