高效活性醚化剂GTMAC的合成与性质  

Synthesis and Property of High-efficiency Active Etherification Agent GTMAC

作　　者：杨建洲[1] 林里[1] 汪利平[1] 刘雪蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西咸阳712081

出　　处：《精细化工》2004年第7期550-552,556,共4页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：以环氧氯丙烷(EPIC)和三甲胺(TMA)为原料,常温气液相反应合成失水甘油基三甲基氯化铵(GTMAC)。EPIC与TMA的用量比、反应时间及反应温度对GTMAC收率的影响程度是:三甲胺与环氧氯丙烷的摩尔比>反应温度>反应时间。研究了GTMAC的吸水性、水解性,得出:敞开放置的GTMAC,存放温度上升水解加快但吸水减慢;存放时间延长,吸水与水解都加强。合成GTMAC最优工艺条件为:n(TMA)∶n(EPIC)=0 35∶1,反应温度25℃,通TMA时间2 5h,总反应时间4 5h,GTMAC收率88 9%,其中活性物GTMAC质量分数为94 8%。Trimethylamine (TMA) and epichlorohydrin (EPIC) are used as raw materials to synthesize glycidyl-trimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC).Effect of the influencing factors on the yield of GTMAC is in the order of n(TMA)∶n(EPIC)>reaction temperature>reaction time.As to the hygroscopicity and hydrolytic property of GTMAC,it is noted that temperature rise enhanced the hydrolytic action in openness but the bibulous action slowed down,however prolonged time made both hydrolytic and bibulous actions enhanced.The optimum reaction conditions are:n(TMA)∶n(EPIC)=0.35∶1,θ=25 ℃,aeration time with 2.5 h and total reaction time 4.5 h.Yield of GTMAC was 88.9% and mass fraction(epoxide purity) was 94.8%.

关 键 词：失水甘油基三甲基氯化铵 环氧氯丙烷 吸水性 水解性 

分 类 号：TQ217[化学工程—有机化工]