九寨沟旅游开发对安多藏民族文化的影响  

Impact of Tourism Development on Anduo Tibetan Culture in Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve

作　　者：刘婕[1] 曾涛[1] 蔡红霞[1] 郭海燕[1] 李正洁[1] 曾宗永[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610064

出　　处：《资源科学》2004年第4期57-64,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：九寨沟管理局资助项目。

摘　　要：文化多样性是九寨沟重要的旅游资源之一,文化多样性资源的保护对旅游可持续发展具有根本性的重要意义。该项研究通过对九寨沟内居民和国内游客的问卷调查,以期了解旅游开发对九寨沟文化多样性的影响。针对沟内居民的调查问卷涉及了住房样式、语言、文字、饮食、服饰、宗教、经济等7个方面,以了解沟内安多藏族居民的文化多样性现状、变化以及他们对自身生活方式改变的态度。对国内游客的调查,问卷设计了"您觉得九寨沟的民族风情如何"、"您在九寨沟的旅游生活,能够感受到较强的民族特色吗?"和"您认为开发旅游对九寨沟的民族特色有无影响?"等和当地文化多样性相关的问题,以了解游客对九寨沟文化多样性现状的感受。对问卷进行数据总结和统计分析,结果显示,旅游开发后九寨沟安多藏民族在住房样式、语言、文字、饮食、服饰和宗教等方面均发生了诸多改变。其中,语言、饮食、服饰和宗教的改变率分别为79 4%、84 5%、78 4%和39 2%。对于保护九寨沟文化多样性,文章提出保护安多藏民族文化的生存环境,强调当地居民参与旅游,和建立民族风情区,以实现旅游的可持续发展。Culture diversity is one of the important tourism resources of Jiuzhaigou nature reserve, and the protection of the culture diversity resource is of great significance to tourism sustainable development. This research intends to identify the influences of tourism development upon the Anduo Tibetan cultural diversity by the questionnaires to the residents at Jiuzhaigou and the domestic tourists. The questionnaire to the local residents covers seven aspects, including their housing styles, spoken and written languages, religious faith, diet, dressing and incomes, etc, and it aims to survey the status quo of cultural diversity of the local Anduo Tibetan, the changes of cultural diversity as well as the local residents' attitudes towards those changes. The questionnaires to the domestic tourists is their perceptions of the cultural diversity, such as 'how do you feel the folkways of the minority nationalities in Jiuzhaigou', 'during your tour in Jiuzhaigou, can you have a strong sense of the minority features', 'do you think whether the tourism development will impact these minority features or not', et al.. These questions are designed to find out tourists' impressions of the status quo of the cultural diversity. The results of analyzing the data statistically suggest that changes have taken place in the local Anduo Tibetan's housing style, spoken and written languages, diet, dressing and religious faith, etc. The change percentages of the spoken Tibetan, diet, dressing and religious faith are 79.4%、84.5%、78.4% and 39.2%, respectively. For protecting culture diversity resource of Jiuzhaigou,it is recommended that we protect the living circumstance of the culture of the local Anduo Tibetan, emphasize on resident involved in tourism, and establish folk-custom sections thus realizing the tourist sustainable development.

关 键 词：文化多样性 九寨沟 旅游开发 影响 可持续发展 

分 类 号：F592[经济管理—旅游管理]