吸毒母亲新生儿临床特点及治疗  

Clinic features and therapeutics of infants of drug abuse mothers

作　　者：李秋平[1] 封志纯[1] 王斌[1] 黄海燕[1] 钱淑鸯[1] 

机构地区：[1]第一军医大学珠江医院全军儿科中心,广州510282

出　　处：《中华围产医学杂志》2004年第4期230-232,共3页Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine

摘　　要：目的　探讨吸毒母亲所生新生儿的临床特点及治疗措施。　方法　分析 5 4例吸毒母亲所生新生儿临床特点 ,并就相关治疗措施疗效和转归进行评价。　结果　 1990～ 2 0 0 2年 12年间我科共收治吸毒母亲新生儿 5 4例 ,其中早产儿 2 8例 ,低出生体重儿 32例 ,新生儿窒息 14例 ,新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征 (NRDS) 12例 ,颅内出血 8例 ,先天畸形 2例。 5 4例中 16例患儿均有不同程度的新生儿戒断综合征表现 ,2 9例出现低血钙、低血糖等内环境紊乱。其中母亲吸毒 2年以上组中早产、低出生体重、窒息及NRDS的发生率明显高于吸毒 2年以下组。经止惊、维持水电解质平衡及对症支持治疗 ,5 4例中 4 4例 (81% )症状控制出院 ,8例 (15 % )死亡 ,2例 (4 % )放弃治疗出院。　结论　吸毒对于新生儿危害极大 ,早产、低出生体重、窒息、NRDS等发生率与吸毒时间密切相关。综合治疗有助于患儿康复。Objective To explore the clinical features of drug abuse mother’ s infants and evaluate the effect of corresponding therapeutics.Methods The clinical data of 54 cases of drug abuse mother’s infants were analyzed. Result During 12 years from 1990 to 2002,54 cases of drug abuse mother’ s infants were treated in our department. In 54 cases,premature was found in 28 cases,LBW in 32 cases,neonatal asphyxia 14 cases, NRDS 12 cases,intracranial hemorrhage 8 cases,congenital anomaly 2 cases. Infants born to addicted mothers have many health problems in the neonatal period Infants born to mothers drug abusing more than 2 years were significantly less mature and lighter than those born to mothers drug abusing less than 2 years( P <0.01). The other complications of infants delivered by mothers who were drug dependent more than 2 years including NRDS,neonatal asphyxia,also significantly higher than those born to mothers who were drug dependent less than 2 years. There were 16 cases of neonatal abstinence syndrome in 54 infants. After therapy 44 infants (81%) survived,8 dead (15%). Conclusion Maternal drug abusing can do great harm to newborns. The incidence of neonatal problems such as premature,LBW,neonatal asphyxia,NRDS,intracranial hemorrhage are closely associated with the time of mother’ s drug taking. Suitable therapy can help infants to be survived.

关 键 词：吸毒母亲 新生儿 临床特点 治疗 大麻滥用 海洛因依赖 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]