氢氟醚的合成和应用研究进展  

Advances in preparation and application of hydrofluoroethers

作　　者：刘波[1] 吕剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《工业催化》2004年第7期48-53,共6页Industrial Catalysis

摘　　要：第三代氯氟烃替代品之一———氢氟醚类化合物(HFEs)的合成方法分为两类,第一类是醚类化合物的氟化,包括直接氟化法和电化学氟化法;第二类是通过含氟化合物与其他化合物的反应制备氢氟醚,反应类型主要包括不饱和烃与醇的加成反应、含氟羰基化合物的烷基化反应和卤代烷与醇的分子间消除反应。其中,碱催化不饱和烃与醇加成制备氢氟醚操作简便,反应条件相对温和,产物易分离提纯,是一具有工业化前景的氢氟醚合成方法。氢氟醚物化性能优良,且环境友好,在制冷、清洗等行业有着广阔的应用前景。Hydrofluoroethers(HFEs), as one of the third generation substitutes to chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs), can be synthesized via two routes: (1) fluorination of ethers, including direct fluorination and electrochemical fluorination; (2) reactions of fluorine-containing compounds with other compounds, including addition reaction of unsaturated hydrocarbons with alcohols, alkylation of fluorinated carbonyl compounds, and elimination reaction between alkyl halides and alcohols. Among these methods, alkaline-catalyzed addition reaction of unsaturated hydrocarbons with alcohols, featuring simplicity in operation, mild reaction condition and simplicity in purification of the products, shows promising prospects. HFEs, with excellent physicochemical properties and environmentally-benign feature, will fide wide use in refrigeration, cleaning and other industries.

关 键 词：氢氟醚合成 氯氟烃替代品 制冷剂 

分 类 号：TQ223.24[化学工程—有机化工] TQ426.94