微波技术在含铬废渣解毒中的应用  

Application of Microwave Technology in the Detoxication of Chromium Residue

作　　者：李晓红[1] 刘作华[1] 刘仁龙[2] 杜军[2] 陶长元[2] 周小霞[3] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学资源及环境科学学院教育部西南能矿资源开发与环境灾害控制重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学化学化工学院,重庆400044 [3]第三军医大学基础部化学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《压电与声光》2004年第4期334-336,共3页Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50334060);重庆大学应用基础研究资助项目(2003028)

摘　　要：冶金和化工企业生产金属铬及铬盐生产中产生的铬渣中含有对环境和人体健康有害的Cr3+和Cr6+,而Cr6+的毒性比Cr3+高约100倍。全国每年排出十多万吨的铬渣和历年累积超过300万吨的铬渣对国家生态安全构成了很大的威胁。铬渣的资源化在建材、冶金得到一定程度的应用,但其消耗量很小。铬渣的解毒仍是一个重要的问题。微波技术在环境保护中的应用已得到长足的发展,作为一种新的污染物治理方法,微波促进含铬废渣解毒的研究将为含铬废渣的安全存放和利用提供新的可能。作者对微波技术在含铬废渣解毒中的应用进行了综述,指出微波法解毒铬渣在解毒机理、操作控制条件的优化、经济性评价及模型化等方面需进一步研究。Chromium residue was mainly discharged form the enterprises manufacturing metal chrome and chromium salt. It contained trivalent and hexavalent chromium and posed great harm to the environment and public health.The toxicity of hexavalent chromium was hundredfold harder than that of trivalent chromium.The nationally ecological security was faced with enormous threat by the discharge chromium residue, which was over one hundred thousand tons annually for the current discharge and 3.0 million tons surplus of the accumulative discharge in the past years. To make chromium residue as a sort of resource and apply it into the fields of building materials and metallurgy, achievements were obtained, but amount they consumed was too little. Detoxication of chromium residue effective was still a big problem. Many achievements were obtained for the application of microwave technology in environment protection. As a new way out for the pollution control, investigation on the microwave-induced detoxication of chromium residue may contribute to its new feasibility of safe deposition and utilization. The current research achievements were reviewed on application of microwave technology in detoxication of chromium residue. It was pointed out that further research was needed on mechanism and optimal operation condition and economy assessment as well as process theory model.

关 键 词：微波技术 含铬废渣 解毒 污染物治理 

分 类 号：X756[环境科学与工程—环境工程]