预缺氧复合锻炼改善新兵急进高原后的体力劳动能力  

HYPOXIC PRECONDITIONING IMPROVES THE PHYSICAL FITNESS OF RECRUITS AFTER ASCENDING TO HIGH ALTITUDE BY AIR

作　　者：高钰琪[1] 黄庆愿[1] 刘福玉[1] 周其全[2] 翟羽[1] 蒋春华[1] 牟信兵[3] 肖德全[3] 王福永[3] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学高原军事医学系,重庆400038 [2]第三军医大学成都军医学院机能教研室 [3]西藏军区总医院全军高山病防治研究中心

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2004年第4期242-244,共3页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：全军"十五"指令性课题 (No.0 1L0 62 ) ;国家自然科学基金资助项目 (No .3 0 2 0 0 13 0 )

摘　　要：目的探讨预缺氧复合锻炼对新兵急进高原后体力劳动能力的改善作用。方法 12 0名进藏新兵随机分为 4组 :对照组、单纯缺氧组、单纯运动组和缺氧复合运动组。在进入高原前 ,缺氧复合运动组佩带低氧呼吸器小步快走 10min ,休息 5min后重复进行 ,上、下午各 4次 ,连续 7d ,单纯缺氧组、单纯运动组分别只佩带低氧呼吸器或单纯运动。空运进藏后 ,比较进藏前、后体力劳动能力改变 ,并对急性高原反应症状进行分析。结果使用低氧呼吸器复合小步快走 5min时动脉血氧饱和度可降到 (80 .5± 5 .7) % ,达到预缺氧目的。缺氧复合运动组新兵进藏后PWC170 与入藏前相比无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,急性高原反应的发病率为 3.3%。对照组、单纯缺氧组和单纯运动组新兵进藏后PWC170 均显著降低 (P <0 .0 5 )。急性高原反应的发病率分别为13.3%、2 0 .0 %、2 0 .0 %。结论在进入高原前 ,应用低氧呼吸器辅以适当运动 ,可以改善急进高原后的体力劳动能力、并使急性高原反应发病率呈降低趋势。Objective To evaluate the improving effects of hypoxic preconditioning combined with exercise on the physical fitness of recruits after rapid ascending to high altitude. Methods One hundred and twenty male soldiers were divided into four groups, I control group, II hypoxia group, III exercise group, and IV hypoxia + exercise group. Soldiers of IV group were trained by wearing a hypoxic respirator and walking rapidly twice per day, for 7 d at sea level, III group only took the hypoxic respirator but breathing the air of outsides and trained by walking, II group wearing like the IV group but sitting quietly instead of exercise. Seven d later, the soldiers ascended to Lahsa (3 658 m altitude) by airplane. The PWC 170 and the symptomatic scores of AMS were evaluated. Results The oxygen saturation of the subjects wearing hypoxic respirator was reduced to (80.5±5.7)% at 5 min of exercise,indicating that hypoxic precondioning model was established. PWC 170 in IV group was not significantly decreased after ascending to high altitude, while PWC 170 in other groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05). The incidences of acute mountain sickness in Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, and Ⅳ group were, 13.3%, 20.2%, 20.0% and 3.3% respectively. Conclusion Hypoxic preconditioning combined with exercise may improve the physical fitness after acute exposure to high altitude, and reduce the incidence of acute mountain sickness.

关 键 词：急性高原病 预缺氧 运动 体力劳动能力 

分 类 号：R135.6[医药卫生—劳动卫生]