论语言科学与语言技术的新思维  

The Science of Language and the Technology of Language

作　　者：李葆嘉[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文学院,江苏南京210024

出　　处：《南京师范大学文学院学报》2002年第1期177-184,共8页Journal of School of Chinese Language and Culture Nanjing Normal University

基　　金：江苏省哲学社会科学研究十五规则项目"面向信息工程的语义语法学研究"(K3-005);江苏省教育科学十五规划项目"高教语言科技复合型人才培养模式研究")D/2001/01/085)。

摘　　要：当代语言学已经凸显“语言科学”与“语言技术”的二分互补格局，语言技术包括语言文本处理技术和语言系统模拟技术。计算语言学是利用计算机作为语言研究工具和探索语言的可计算性问题，同时建构基于计算机科学等相关学科基础之上的语言理论的新学科。面向语言系统模拟的计算语言学研究可比喻为“电脑模拟语言能力工程”或“语言能力移植电脑工程”。第五代计算机研制的搁浅表明，建立在“人──人对话”行为基础上的语形语法学难以完成这一任务。人类语言的本质共性是语义性，语言能力移植电脑工程的基础研究是语义结构网络研究，这一研究可比喻为“语言基因图谱分析工程”。研究对象的语义性转移和研究成果的技术性趋势将成为21世纪的语言学精神。In the contemporary linguistics, conspicuous is the dichotomy and complementarity of the Science ofLanguage and the Technology of Language, the latter including Text Processing Techniques and Language SystemSimulation Techniques. The computational linguistics is a new discipline which, with computers as its research tools,studies the computability of languages and constructs linguistic theories based on the science of computer and otherrelevant disciplines. Language system simulation -- oriented computational linguistics can be referred to as Engineer-ing of the Simulation of Language Competence with Computers or Computer Engineering of Language CompetenceTransplantation. The failure of the development of the fifth generation computers shows that formal grammar based onman -- to -- man conversation is not adequate for the development. The basic nature of human languages is their se-manticality. The basic researeh for the application of Computer Engineering of Language Competence Transplantationis the study of the netWork of semantic structure, which can be referred to as Engineering of Language Gene MapAnalysis. It will be the general trend of linguistic research in the 2lst century that the research focuses on the studyof meaning and the researeh achievements are in the form of new pratical techniques.

关 键 词：语言技术 语言系统模拟 语言基因图谱分析 语义语法学 

分 类 号：H08[语言文字—语言学]