乡绅与乡村权力结构的演变——20世纪三、四十年代闽中乡村权力的重构  

On the Evolution of Power Structure in the Villages of Central Fujian

作　　者：杜香芹[1] 王先明[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建三明高等专科学校政治法律系,福建三明365000 [2]南开大学中国社会史中心,天津300071

出　　处：《中国农史》2004年第3期89-95,共7页Agricultural History of China

摘　　要：1938年 5月 ,由于福州、厦门沦陷 ,福建省政府内迁永安 ,由此引起闽中乡村社区激烈的社会变动 ,进一步改变了士绅阶层的生存状态以及乡村权力结构的演变。三四十年代的闽中乡村依然处于典型的农耕社会 ,各种权力关系都是围绕着社会资源的占有与分配展开的。在国家、宗族与乡绅的冲突与互动中 ,国家行政权力不断渗透 ,旧士绅权利进一步削弱 ,新士绅逐渐兴起。这一切都说明 ,文化网络是地方社会中获取权威和其他利益的源泉 ,占有它就意味着获得某种支配权、控制权。谁掌握着决定权力分配的社会资源 ,谁就获得权力 ,谁就获得政治统治。Since Fuzhou and Xiamen fell into Japanese army in May,1938, provincial government of Fujian moved to Yong'an, which caused violent social changes in the villages of Central Fujian and further changed the living state of gentry as well as country's power structure. During the 1930s-1940s, the villages of Central Fujian were still a typical farming society. And various power connections centered round the occupation and distribution of social resources. In the course of the conflict and interaction among state, clansman and country gentleman, state administrative power was constantly penetrated , the power of old gentry further weakened and new gentry rising. All this indicated that cultural network was the source of obtaining authorities and other benefits and the possession of it meant gaining some power of domination and control. Whoever mastered the social resources determining the distribution of power obtained the power and political ruling.

关 键 词：乡绅 乡村社会 权力结构 国家权力 20世纪三四十年代 福建中部地区 文化网络 

分 类 号：D693[政治法律—政治学]