表面活性剂(LAS&NIS)的环境安全性评价  

Environmental Safety Evaluation of Surfactants(LAS & NIS)

作　　者：袁平夫[1] 廖柏寒[1] 卢明[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2004年第3期31-34,共4页Safety and Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：阴离子表面活性剂直链烷基苯磺酸盐 (LAS)和非离子表面活性剂 (NIS)是产量和消耗量都相当大的两类表面活性剂。文章从生物降解性、毒性及在环境和生物体内的累积性 3个方面分析了它们的环境安全性 ,认为表面活性剂对环境会产生不同程度的影响。LAS对动植物有毒害 ,在环境中和生物体内有累积 (尽管易降解 ) ,应引起重视 ;NIS中脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 (APEO)的降解产物毒性高、降解速度慢 ,对环境有很大的危害。Surfactants, especially linear alkylbnzenesulphonate (LAS) and non-ion surfactant (NIS), have been used widely. The environmental safety of LAS and NIS was analyzed through eco-toxicity, biodegradability and accumulation. Surfactants have different effects on the environment. Eco-toxicity and accumulation of LAS should be attached importance to (though biodegraded easily); a1kylphenol ethoxylates (APEO) have serious hazard to the environment because the biodegradation velocity is slow and the eco-toxicity of the middle biodegradation product is high.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 环境安全评价 直链烷基苯磺酸盐(LAS) 非离子表面活性剂(NIS) 

分 类 号：X503.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]