两个不同的人工雌核发育草鱼群体基因组DNA的RAPD分析  

RAPD ANALYSIS ON GENOMIC DNA OF TWO ARTIFICIAL GYNOGENETIC GROUPS OF GRASS CARP,CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLU

作　　者：陈金辉[1] 黄明敏[1] 郑康[1] 林凯东[1] 罗琛[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2004年第5期471-477,共7页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目 ( 3 983 0 3 0 0 );教育部高校骨干教师基金项目 ( 2 0 0 65 12 )资助

摘　　要：采用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术对连续两代人工诱导雌核发育草鱼群体和一代人工诱导雌核发育草鱼群体的群体内的遗传相似度、遗传距离以及群体多样性进行了分析 ,并用一个随机取样的普通草鱼群体作比较。用 2 6个多态性引物在 3个群体中共检测到了 2 91个扩增位点 ;在 3个群体中检测到的位点数分别为 2 6 5、2 72和2 82。其中多态性位点数分别为 15、19和 81。遗传学统计分析结果表明 :3个群体的多态位点比例分别为 5 6 6 %、6 99%、2 8 72 % ;香农表型多样性指数分别为 0 170 2、0 316 9和 0 84 5 0 ;按照Nei指数统计的三个群体的遗传相似度分别为 0 985 1、0 982 0、0 9114。这些结果表明 :两个雌核发育草鱼群体的遗传多样性远低于普通草鱼群体 ,而其群体的基因组DNA同质性远高于普通草鱼。而在两个雌核发育草鱼群体中 ,两代雌核发育群体的遗传多样性要低于一代雌核发育群体的遗传多样性 ;而群体的遗传纯合度则前者高于后者。Genetic similarity,genetic distance and Shannon’s genetic diversity of two different artificial gynogenetic grass carp groups and a control common grass carp group were analyzed in the methods of RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA).One of the two different gynogenetic groups was a meiotic-mito-gynogenetic grass carp group that was produced by artificial gynogenesis for two generations. Another.gynogenetic group was a mito-gynogenetic grass carp that was generated by artificial gynogenesis only one generation.The common grass carp group was randomly collected from the markets in Changsha. Total 291 loci were detected in all of the three groups through the RAPD-PCR with 26 polymorphic random primers. The loci number in the three groups,meio- mito-gynogenetic group,the mito-gynogenetic group and the common grass carp group,were 265,272 and 282 and the number of polymorphic loci were 15,19 and 81 respectively. Genetic statistical analysis showed that percentage of polymorphic loci of the three groups of grass carp,were 5.66%,6.99%,28.23%;and the genetic similarity within the three groups of grass carp estimated by Nei’s index were 0.9851,0.9820,0.9114,respectively. The genetic diversity indices within the three groups of grass carp estimated by Shannon index of phenotypic diversity were 0.1722,0.3169 and 0.8450 respectively. Generally,the genetic diversity within two artificial gynogenetic groups of grass carp is far lower than that of common grass carp,while the genetic diversity in meiotic-mito-gynogenetic grass carp group is much lower than that of mito-gynogenetic grass carp group. The relatively low level of genetic diversity in each of the two groups of gynogenetic grass carp revealed that the population purity in each of the two gynogenetic grass carp groups is higher than that of common grass carp group.

关 键 词：雌核发育 草鱼 群体 基因组DNA 遗传相似度 遗传距离 RAPD分析 

分 类 号：S965.112[农业科学—水产养殖]