兴凯湖翘嘴鲌种群结构的变化  

POPULATION CHANGE OF CULTER ALBURNUS IN XINGKAI LAKE

作　　者：尹家胜[1] 夏重志[1] 徐伟[1] 匡友谊[1] 曹顶臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2004年第5期490-495,共6页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：原国家水产总局科研项目;黑龙江省科研项目;水产科学院科研基金资助

摘　　要：兴凯湖是中俄界湖 ,1982年、1998年对兴凯湖翘嘴捕获群体的生长、年龄进行研究。体重、体长关系式为 :1982 :W =0 0 12 2 3L2 .99743 (r=0 975 7,n =2 2 6 )　 1998:W =0 0 0 784 3L3 10 611(r=0 976 4 ,n =2 5 8)生长方程为 :1982 :　L =10 3 15 6 7(1-e-0 1173 (t+ 1 3 682 6) )　W =132 6 6 12 5 2 (1-e-0 1173 (t+ 1 3 682 6) ) 2 .99741998:　L =10 5 3910 (1-e-0 12 62 (t+ 0 5970 65) )　W =15 0 4 9 85 5 5 (1-e-0 12 62 (t+ 0 5970 65) ) 3 .10 611在 1982年渔获物中 ,4— 11龄的性成熟鱼占 5 6 0 % ,1998年占 12 8%。 1998年的渔获物中 1龄幼鱼数量剧增 ,占38 7% ,捕捞群体年龄结构严重低龄化 ,1998— 2 0 0 2年中国境内没有发现产卵汛场。Our investigation showed that the natural population composition of Culter alburnus showed apparent variation in Xingkai Lake in recent years.In 1982,about 56% of fishing output was mature adults(4—11 years).But,in 1998,the proportion of 4—11 year-old fish was reduced dramatically to 12.8% and the adult fish could be captured only in the first ten-days of May.Meanwhile,about 38.7% of captured fish were 1-year young fish.Small young individuals increased and their growth became slow.The variation of growth can be described as following growth equations and body equations. The growth model of Culter alburnus in Xingkai Lake. 1982: L=103.1567 (1-e -0.1173(t+1.36826)) W=13266.1252 (1-e -0.1173(t+1.36826)) 2.9974 where L is body length (25.02—80.67cm) W is body weight (0.189—6.20kg) t is age (1—11 year-old.) 1998: L=105.3910 (1-e -0.1262(t+0.597065)) W=15049.8555 (1-e -0.1262(t+0.597065)) 3.10611 where L is body length (19.23—80.99cm) W is body weight (0.076—6.64kg) t is age (1—11 year-old) The relationship between body weight and body length of Culter alburnus in Xingkai Lake. 1982:W=0.01223L 2.99743(r=0.9757,n=226,F=2495.93>F 0.01(1,225)=6.82) 1998:W=0.007843L 3.10611(r=0.9764,n=258,F=5224.17>F 0.01(1,257)=6.74) The female Culter alburnus matures at 5 years old in Xingkai Lake.It lays floating eggs and the breeding date is about from the last ten-days of June to the middle ten-days of July.Mature adults migrate to spawning field in breeding season and spawn when continual wind and wave appears.Xingkai Lake is a boundary lake between China and Russia.On the side of China,Baiyutan beach was once the spawning field.But the breeding stock of Culter alburnus was not found from 1998 to 2002.

关 键 词：兴凯湖 翘嘴鲅 种群结构 生长 繁殖 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源] Q959.4[农业科学—水产科学]