福建省平潭岛春季恙虫病流行病学调查研究  

The Epidemiological Investigation of Scrub Typhus in Spring in Pingtan Island of Fujian Province

作　　者：操敏[1] 郭恒彬[1] 唐家琪[1] 郁兴明[1] 王柏仁[2] 杨文富[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区联勤部军事医学研究所 [2]中国人民解放军73301部队 [3]中国人民解放军73303部队

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2004年第5期107-109,共3页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：南京军区"十五"指令性课题项目(02MA010)

摘　　要：针对近年来平潭岛出现春季恙虫病的病例发生及流行,在春季对该地进行全面流行病学调查与研究。包括自然地理和医学地理学调查;间接免疫荧光法(IFA)调查当地人群中血清抗体水平及回顾性询问调查患病史;捕鼠及采集体表恙螨,分类、鉴定、统计,确定宿主、媒介的优势种群,并用PCR法检测恙虫病东方体(Ot)DNA;将病人血标本,鼠脏器标本和地里纤恙螨标本接种小鼠进行Pt分离,并从分子水平上确定分离株Ot型别。结果确定该地区为南亚热带丘陵岛屿型疫源地,IFA法检测平潭岛正常人群血清标本141份,结果抗Ot阳性46份,阳性率为32.6％。询问调查当地居民367人,63人有患病史,患病率为17.2％。主要宿主动物为黄毛鼠,主要媒介为地里纤恙螨。啮齿动物携螨率为45.1％,PCR检测40只野鼠和恙螨5组(20只／组),其中4只鼠恙虫病Ot阳性,阳性率为10％,2组螨体Ot阳性,阳性率为40％(2／5);从病人、宿主及媒介3种标本均分离到恙虫病Ot,序列测定结果表明此3株Ot之间5.6万基因片段同源性大于99％,与Karp型同源性为93.8％。从而确定平潭岛春季恙虫病疫源地的存在,为今后有针对性的防制提供依据。This epidemiological investigation of tsutsugamushi disaease was made in Pingtan island in accordance with the cases occurring there in spring. The physical and medical geography was investigated in the epidemic area. 141 sera samples of the population in Pingtan island including the 102 soldier sera and 39 resident sera were detected by indirect immunofluorescence test and the residents there were inquired to find out the illness rate in retrospection; the mice were captured and the mite were collected in the field, then the dominant kind of mice and mite were determined after being classified and calculated; the DNA of 40 mice spleen and 5 groups of mites were detected by PCR;the mice were peritoneally injected with untreated patient's blood,spleen of rodent and Leptotrombidium deliense respectively, and orientia tsutsugamushi (Ot) strain in this region were isolated and were also typed at molecular level. Results showed that the region is an epidemic area of south subtropical zone; 46 of the 141 sera samples were positive, showing a positive rate of 32. 6%(46/141), among which the positive rate of soldiers was 29. 4%(30/102) while that of the residents was 41%(16/39), meanwhile 63 of 367 residents had caught the illness and the illness rate was 17.2%; The main host is Rattus ratoides exiguus, the main biological vector is L. deliens , the carrying mite rate of the rodents is 45. 1%. The PCR resuls showed that 4 of 40 mice were positive while 2 of 5 group mites were positive; three Ot strains were isolated from patients, host rodents and vector mites, respectively. The typical Oriential tsutsugamushi isolate was be seen in the cytoplasm of infected cells on the microscope. About 1 350 bp DNA fragments of 56 000 protein of the three isolates were amplified and sequenced. The three isolates were almost identical to each other with nucleotide sequence homology >99. 5%. Compared with Karp, their gene sequence homology of 56 000 protein were 93. 8%. Then the focus of tsutsugamushi disease in spring were verified to

关 键 词：福建 平潭岛 春季 恙虫病 流行病学 疫源地 间接免疫荧光法 

分 类 号：S855.9[农业科学—临床兽医学]