胡杨披针形叶与宽卵形叶的渗透调节能力的差异  

Some difference of capacity of osmotic regulation between lanceolate and broad-ovate leaves in Populus euphratica

作　　者：杨树德[1] 陈国仓[2] 张承烈[2] 陈珈[1] 王学臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学生物学院植物生理学与生物化学国家重点实验室 [2]兰州大学生命科学学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2004年第9期1583-1588,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家基础研究发展规划项目资助(G19990117)

摘　　要：以胡杨披针形叶和宽卵形叶作为实验材料,对其组织水平的离子含量及不同类型细胞的离子分布特征、可溶性有机渗透调节物质的含量、液泡膜H+-ATPase的活性进行了测定。结果表明,Na+、Cl-、K+、Ca2+等离子的分布在两种叶片及不同细胞中有差异,主要表现为宽卵形叶中Na+、Cl-的含量分别为披针形叶的111.2%和118.4%,Na/K值和Na/Ca值分别为0.75和1.78,均高于披针形叶的。宽卵形叶的栅栏细胞的Na/K值和Na/Ca值较其维管束鞘细胞的高,而披针形叶的则正相反;宽卵形叶较披针形叶含有较高浓度的可溶性糖和脯氨酸,分别为514和0.751μmol·g-1FW,而甜菜碱的含量较低,为0.703μmol·g-1FW;宽卵形叶的液泡膜H+-ATPase的活性较披针形叶的高15.47%。以上结果表明胡杨宽卵形叶的渗透调节能力较强于披针形叶。本文还对两种叶片对胡杨适应其盐渍化生境的贡献进行了讨论。The lanceolate leaves and the broad-ovate leaves in Populus euphratica were selected in this paper to conduct a comparative study of ion content,ion distribution,soluble organic osmoregulator content and vacuolar H^+-ATPase activity,with the expectation of elucidating the difference of capacity of osmotic regulation between them.The result showed that ion concentrations and ion distribution were different between two types of leaves.The content of Na^+ and Cl^- of broad-ovate leaves were 111.2% and 118.4% of that of lanceolate leaves,and the Na/K ratio and the Na/Ca ratio were 0.75 and 1.78,respectively,both were higher than that of lanceolate leaves.Furthermore,the Na/K ratio and the Na/Ca ratio of palisade cells were higher than that of vascular bundle sheathes in broad-ovate leaves,while it was the quite contrary in lanceolae leaves.The concentrations of soluble sugars,prolines and glycinebetaines of broad-ovate leaves were 514,0.751,0.703 μmol·g^(-1) fresh weight respectively,whereas their concentration in lanceolate leaves were 460,0.614,1.0137 μmol·g^(-1) fresh weight respectively.Therefore,the most apparent difference of soluble organic osmoregulator between two types leaves was soluble sugars.The activity of vacuolar H^+-ATPase of broad-ovate leaves was 15.47% higher than that of lanceolate leaves.It implicated that there were some differences in the capacity of osmotic regulation between the lanceolate leaves and broad-ovate leaves in P.euphratica.Broad-ovate leaves were more tolerance to salt stress.

关 键 词：胡杨 渗透调节 离子分布 液泡膜H^+-ATPASE 

分 类 号：Q945.18[生物学—植物学]