发展广东复合农林业避免农业土地的荒漠化  

TO AVOID DESERTIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND BY DEVELOPING AGROFORESTRY

作　　者：任海[1] 李高飞[1] 申卫军[1] 李志安[1] 王峥峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物所,广东广州510650

出　　处：《热带地理》2004年第3期231-236,共6页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30200025);中科院青年科学家创新小组项目;广东省基金项目(021627;003031);广东省林业局项目资助

摘　　要：随着人口增长和经济发展,农业活动导致了生物多样性丧失和自然生境变化,引起了土壤侵蚀,进而导致土壤荒漠化。复合农林业可避免土地荒漠化并减少农业活动中的主要环境风险。据调查,广东省复合农林业生态系统类型约500余种,极具多样性,主要有农林系统、林牧系统、农林牧系统、林渔系统、林农牧渔系统、林农虫系统和旅游观光型农林系统等。广东省土地总面积的2/3是丘陵地,以复合农林业生态系统的运行模式调整农业结构,优化资源和生产要素的组合,可以提高区域生产力,改善生态环境和促进经济的持续性发展。Due to population increase and economic development, agricultural activities result in biodiversity loss, habitat change, soil erosion, and then leads to desertification. Desertification is one kind of ecosystem degradation when ecosystem suffers from irreversible stress, uncertain climate and exorbitant exploitation. Agriculture can gain higher productivity by improving plants and animals through bioengineering without consideration of environmental risk. Ecological agriculture and organic agriculture are wise choice. As one kind of organic agriculture, agro-forestry can achieve both increase of productivity and decrease of environmental risk. Investigation shows that in Guangdong Province there are more than 500 models of agro-forestry, which can be divided into agro-silvicultural systems, silvi-pastoral systems, agro-silvi-pastoral systems, silvi-fishery systems, silvi-agro-pastoral-fishery systems, silvi-agro-insect systems, and sight-seeing agro-silvicultural systems. Two third of the areas of Guangdong Province are hilly land. The development of those agro-forestry models would be helpful to adjustment of agricultural structure, making full use of local natural resources, increase of productivity, improvement of regional environment, and then to sustainable development.

关 键 词：复合农林业 荒漠化 农业 

分 类 号：F327.65[经济管理—产业经济]