大豆光敏雄性不育株88-428BY-827小孢子母细胞的细胞学观察  

A Cytological Observation of the Pollen Mother Cells of the Photoperiod-sensitive Male Sterile Soybean Plant of 88-428BY-827

作　　者：王芳[1] 卫保国[2] 李贵全[1] 李艳花[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,太谷030801 [2]山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,太原030031

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2004年第8期1110-1113,i001,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39970461);国家"863"优质超高产农作物新品种选育资助项目(2001AA241071);国家"863"重大专项资助项目(2002AA207007)

摘　　要：以长光照条件下的大豆光敏雄性不育88-428BY的雄性可育株为对照,对其短光照条件下的雄性不育株进行了小孢子母细胞减数分裂的观察。结果表明,88-428BY-827雄性不育株花粉败育在发育各个时期都发生。88-428BY-827雄性不育株小孢子母细胞减数分裂的染色体的行为出现了多种类型的异常现象:联会异常、单价体、三价体、染色体落后、染色体粘连、染色体桥、染色体不均等分离等;单核小孢子阶段小孢子饱满、细胞核内染色体明显且超出正常的染色体数目;少数小孢子的萌发孔为4个;成熟的花粉粒大小不等、形状不规则、甚至形成二合体、三合体、四合体的复合花粉粒;前期Ⅰ、小孢子时期的减数分裂染色体行为异常现象发生频率最高,其它时期的不正常也均存在,但不如上述两个时期频繁。Research on the chromosomal behavior during the meiosis of the pollen mother cells of the sterile plants of the photoperiod sensitive male sterile soybean 88-428BY-827 was carried out. Compared with the fertile plants of photoperiod-sensitive male sterile soybean 88-428BY-827 and cultivar Yanghuangdou, the photoperiod -sensitive male sterile soybean 88-428BY-827 showed that pollen abortion of it might occur in various stages of microsporogenesis. Different kinds of abnormal chromosomal behavior occurred at its meiosis of the pollen mother cell of the sterile plant including the synaptic variation, univalent, trivalent, chromosome lagging, chromosome hauling, chromosome bridge, chromosome sticking and unequal distribution, etc. However, at the uninuclear microspore stage, the microspores of the 88-428BY-827 sterile plant still looked plump, with clear chromosome and far more than elementary number of normal chromosome in the cell nucleus. But eventually, at anthesis, the pollen grains produced by the 88-428BY-827 sterile plant would be empty, shrunken ones, which varied greatly in size and sometimes slicked together, forming lumps, or forming multiple pollen grains made of two, three or four while the chromosomal behavior of the meiosis laid in other stages and was not often than the previous two pollen grains. The male sterility of 88-428B Y-827 was highly abnormal at the prophase I and the microspore stage.

关 键 词：大豆 光敏雄性不育株 88-428BY-827小孢子母细胞 细胞学观察 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]