凝胶抗球蛋白试验的特点及实验分析  

Experimental evaluation of the gel antiglobulin test

作　　者：陈学军[1] 徐兴强[1] 金小波[1] 程永樟[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院,浙江杭州310031

出　　处：《检验医学》2004年第4期337-340,共4页Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的　分析评价凝胶抗球蛋白试验 (GAT)的特点 ,增加输血安全性。方法　以不同稀释度的商品化抗D(IgG)为基础制备不完全抗体和致敏红细胞为模拟标本 ,通过一系列实验 (并结合文献 )分析GAT(DiaMed产品 )的特点。结果　红细胞洗涤与否不影响GAT检测的结果 ;外加AB型血浆至 4 0 μl后 ,才使GAT(1∶6 4抗D血清 2 5 μl与 0 .8%O型混合红细胞悬液 5 0 μl反应 )产生的强阳性略有减弱 ;与专用稀释液ID diluent2比较 ,用生理盐水替代稀释液导致结果阳性程度降低 ,而换用某厂家的LIM稀释液则出现不同程度的红细胞溶血现象 ;GAT可测的抗D(IgG)最高效价为 1∶2 5 6 ,反应灵敏度明显高于试管法 ,而近似于聚凝胺法。结论　GAT反应过程中无洗涤步骤 ,使用专用稀释液 ,检测灵敏度较高。GAT检测中使用配套试剂材料和严格按照说明书操作非常重要。Objective To evaluate the characteristics of the gel antiglobulin test (GAT). Methods A series of tests were used to analyse some characteristics of GAT(LISS/Coombs card, DiaMed), with commercialized anti D(IgG) as simulation samples. Results Elimination of washing step did not affect result of GAT. The strength of positive reaction (1∶64 anti D and 0.8% RBCs) began to decrease slowly when 40 μl AB plasma was added into LISS/Coombs card. Compared with ID diluent2, other diluents (NS, LIM) were not suitable for GAT. The Highest titer of anti D(IgG) measured by GAT was 1∶256, and the sensitivity of GAT was higher than that of traditional antiglobulin test, and approximately equal to manual polybrene test. Conclusions GAT has some specialities such as no washing steps, efficient ID diluent2, high sensitivity, and so on. It is very important to follow DiaMed's operation manual, otherwise false results would be obtained.

关 键 词：凝胶抗球蛋白试验 GAT 凝胶技术 致敏红细胞 不完全抗体 检验方法 

分 类 号：R446.61[医药卫生—诊断学]