山西省严重急性呼吸综合征病例接触史和传播链分析  

Analysis of contact history and transmission chains of severe acute respiratory syndrome cases in Shanxi

作　　者：梅志强[1] 关联欣[1] 李国华[1] 赵亮怀[1] 闫昌福[1] 马麟[1] 张秋香[1] 邓晓为[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西省疾病预防控制中心,030012 [2]太原市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《山西医药杂志》2004年第8期659-661,共3页Shanxi Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的　了解严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS)的传播过程 ,分析其接触史以及可能导致个别 SARS病例接触史不详的原因 ,对流行病学调查质量做出评估。方法　 SARS病例个案调查与接触史专题调查相结合 ,用传播链示意图分析传播关系。结果　 4 4 8例 SARS病例中 ,有明确接触史者 4 11人 ,占 91.7% ,发现传播链 31条 ,涉及 2 0 8人 ,占有接触史总数的 5 0 .6 %。续发病例最多四代 ,以二代为多 ,占 6 8.8%。结论　引起医院传播和家庭聚集性暴发案例 ,虽然与超级传播者或“毒王”有关 ,但用对其传染性认识不足 ,就诊环境设置不合理 ,污染严重 ,个体防护不当解释更为科学、客观。传播链研究不仅可用于 SARS潜伏期的计算 ,而且还可作为评价 SARS防控效果的一个重要指标。Objective To know the transmission process of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and analyze its contact history and reasons probably leading to unknown contact history of some SARS cases;the quality of epidemiological investigation was also evaluated.Methods The transmission relationship was analyzed by using sketch map of transmission chains in combination with case survey and specific investigation of SARS cases.Results Of 448 cases of SARS,411 with definite contact history were found,accounting for 91.7%; 31 chains of transmission took shape,involving 208 persons,accounting for 50.6% of total cases with contact history;secondary cases ranged over four generations at most,but two generations was the main,accounting for 68.8%.Conclusion Though hospital transmission and family outbreak is due to super spreader,ie,so-called “virus king”,the more scientific explanation and objective reason must be the lack of enough awareness of SARS infectivity,not well-fitted conditions for seeking medical advice,severe pollution and improper individual protection.Study on transmission chains is not only applied to the calculation of SARS incubation period,but also used as an important indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of SARS prevention and control.

关 键 词：山西 严重急性呼吸综合征 接触史 传播链 分析 流行病学 

分 类 号：R511.9[医药卫生—内科学]