加氢润滑油光安定性的影响因素及改善途径  

Influencing Factors and Improving Approaches to the Light Stability of the Hydrocracking Lubricating-Oil

作　　者：宋昭远[1] 刘晓东[1] 刘慧青[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连民族学院光电子技术研究所,辽宁大连116600 [2]中石化抚顺石油化工研究院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《辽宁石油化工大学学报》2004年第3期53-57,共5页Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University

摘　　要：　加氢处理润滑油基础油的一个明显缺点就是其光安定性差。总结长期以来对该问题的研究成果,介绍了对加氢润滑油光安定性差产生的原因和影响因素的最新认识。研究结果表明,改善油品光安定性的有效途径是化学处理法和溶剂精制法。不安定的油品用烯烃在酸性催化剂上进行处理后,可以无限期地安定化,处理中涉及的反应是芳烃的烷基化,参加反应的还可能有油品中的一些活泼物质;采用溶剂精制方法,只要选择适当的精制条件,加氢裂化润滑油的光安定性问题完全可以改善,而且能赶上甚至超过老三套工艺油品的光安定性。重油的光安定性比轻油好些,对于轻油品,较大分子的烯烃是更有效的烷基化剂。An apparent shortcoming of the hydrocracking lubricating-oil is its light instability.The research achievement gained from long-term study of this problem were summarized, recent understanding of the origins and influencing factors causing the light instability of the hydrocracking lubricating-oil was introduced.And the assume on further reseach work was put forward. It is shown that two of the most effective approaches is chemical treatment technology and solvent refining technology. Long-term stabilization of the instable oil will maintain once it is treated with alkenes in the acidic catalyzer environment. In this process the involved reaction is transforming of aromatic components into alkyl ones, and some other active chemicals in the oil may also participate in the reaction. When solvent refining method is used, the light stability of the hydrocracking lubricating-oil can be improved significantly if appropriate refining conditions are chosen, and may be exceed the light stability obtained by using the old three-combinations method. Light stability of the heavy oil is better than that of the light oil. For the latter,the larger alkene molecules in it is a more effective alkylide catalyzer.

关 键 词：加氢裂化 润滑油 化学处理 糠醛精制 

分 类 号：TE624.431[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TE626.88