新型记忆合金节段内固定器治疗腰椎峡部裂的实验研究  

Experimental study on the new type memory alloy intrasegmental fixation instrument for the treatment of lumbar spondylolysis

作　　者：张效三[1] 周初松[1] 靳安民[1] 李杰 杨贤忠 田京[1] 童斌辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]第一军医大学珠江医院骨科中心,广州市510282 [2]广东省东莞太平人民医院 [3]江西省都昌县人民医院外科

出　　处：《中国矫形外科杂志》2004年第16期1243-1246,共4页Orthopedic Journal of China

摘　　要：目的 :设计一种治疗腰椎峡部裂的新型记忆合金节段内固定器 ,测试其材料力学特性 ,并评价其生物力学稳定性。方法 :测量 2 0具干燥完整成人腰椎标本获得数据 ,按数据采用镍钛记忆合金设计固定器并行材料力学测试。取 6具新鲜成人腰椎标本 ,先后形成正常脊柱组、峡部裂组、横突棘突钢丝捆绑组、钩螺钉固定组、Buck螺钉固定组、新研制记忆合金固定器固定组 6组实验模型。利用脊柱三维运动实验机 ,分别测试 6组的前屈 /后伸、左 /右侧弯及左 /右轴向旋转 6种运动的活动范围。结果 :材料力学测试表明其形态记忆功能良好 ,体温状态下会产生稳定可靠的回复力。 6组在前屈、后伸及左右旋转状态 ,峡部裂组稳定性最差 ,同其他 5组差别明显。而使用新研制记忆合金内固定器组可明显恢复腰椎稳定性 ,同正常脊柱组及其他 3种内固定组均无显著差别。另两种状态左右侧弯 6组均无显著性差别。结论 :新设计的内固定器符合腰椎的生物力学要求 ,较先前的半环状内固定器优势明显 。Objective:To design a new type memory alloy intrasegmental fixation instrument for the treatment of lumbar spondylolysis, research its material mechanical characteristic and evaluate the ability of the new device to restore the spine stability. Method:According to the datas by measuring 20 cases of dry adult lumbar spine samples, a nickel titanium shape memory alloy intrasegmental fixation instrument was designed and its material mechanical property was tested.Each 6 adult lumbar spine samples were grouped into:normal spine group 、lumbar spondylolysis group、Scott's technique of intrasegmental wire fixation group、Hefti's technique of hook screw fixation group、Buck's technique of screw fixation group、new design memory alloy intrasegmental fixation group.The movement range of each group were measured under the kinetic state of anteflexion、 backextend、circumvolve to right、circumvolve to left、right side bend、left side bend. Result:Material mechanics property of new device showed that the function of shape memory was very good,it could produce credible and stable restore strength under the body temperature.Under the state of anteflexion、backextend、circumvolve to right or left, the stability of lumbar spondylolysis group was the worst,and had a significant difference with other 5 groups. The stability of lumbar could be resumed distinctly in the group used the new memory alloy intrasegmental fixation instrument,and had no significant difference with normal spine group and three intrafixation groups .Under the state of right or left side bend,there was no significant difference between each groups. Conclusion:New designed intrasegmental fixation instrument can match with the biomechanical demand of lumbar, it has more predominant over foregoing Half-ring intrasegmental fixation instrument. It has a better appliance foreground.

关 键 词：节段内固定 腰椎峡部裂 形态记忆合金 实验研究 

分 类 号：R687[医药卫生—骨科学]