原油破乳剂的研究进展  

Development of Crude Oil Emulsion Breakers

作　　者：李朝法[1] 贾鹏林[2] 张鸿勋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化集团石油化工设备防腐蚀研究中心,河南洛阳471003 [2]中国石化股份有限公司科技开发部,北京100029

出　　处：《石油化工腐蚀与防护》2004年第4期1-4,共4页Corrosion & Protection In Petrochemical Industry

摘　　要：回顾了原油破乳剂经历的阴离子型破乳剂、非离子表面活性剂、高相对分子质量的非离子型原油破乳剂三个重要发展阶段。评述了不同类型原油破乳剂的制备方法、应用情况以及在使用过程中存在的问题 ,指出目前国产破乳剂的注入量一般为 2 0～ 30 μg/g ,而国外炼油厂的破乳剂注入量一般为 10 μg/g ,这也是与发达国家的差距所在。另外原油破乳剂的发展方向应为开发适应性强的高效、广谱破乳剂。Three important development phases of anionic emulsion breakers, non-ion surfactant and high-molecular weight non-ion emulsion breaker experienced in crude oil emulsion breakers development are reviewed. The preparation techniques, application and problems arising from the application of different emulsion breakers are evaluated. It is concluded that the difference between domestic emulsion breakers and the foreign ones lies in the dosages which is 20～30 ppm for domestic emulsion breakers and 10 ppm for foreign ones. Effort should be made for the development of the most applicable, high-efficiency wide-spectrum breakers.

关 键 词：原油 破乳剂 非离子表面活性剂 制备方法 电脱盐工艺 环氧乙烷 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]