股骨髌骨沟的解剖学定位及临床意义  

Anatomic alignment of the patellar groove on femur and its clinical significance

作　　者：舒先涛[1] 周晓娟[1] 许本柯[1] 刘兵[1] 杨忠平[1] 卢木发[2] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学医学院解剖学教研室 [2]长江大学附属医院影像中心,湖北荆州434000

出　　处：《中国临床解剖学杂志》2004年第5期536-538,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy

摘　　要：目的:用三维放射图像和数字技术测量股骨的多种解剖学中心线来定位正常髌骨沟的位置。方法:在20根股骨干标本上确定并标记髌骨沟部位后,再进行冠状面、矢状面和水平面拍片,确定解剖轴、机械轴、经髁上轴和经内、外侧髁轴的位置。结果:这四条主要的轴线在冠状面和水平面上角度均值范围在11°-16°之间。在冠状面上,髌骨沟的准确定位几乎完全与经髁上轴线垂直,但变化范围很大。在测量的全部解剖轴线中,没有一条可作为确定髌骨沟确切位置的参考线。结论:(1)正常髌骨沟的解剖学定位比既往推测的具有更大的可变性。(2)股骨不适应这种可变性解释在膝关节置换术中与髌骨有关的并发症。Objective: To locate the normai patellar groove by measuring anatomical central lines of femur through three-dimensional radioactive image and digital technology. Methods: The positions of the patellar grooves were marked on the 20 examples of femoral shafts, and then photographs were taken on coronal, sagittal and horizontal sections respectively to determine the positions of anatomic axe, mechanical axe and transepicondylar axe. Results: The range of mean angle between patellar groove and the four major axes was 11°-16°on the coronal section and horizontal section. The accurate location of patellar groove was almost vertical to the transepicondylar axe, but the range of its change was wide on the coronal section. In all the axes measured, none of them was reference line to locate the patellar groove. Conclusions: The anatomic location of normai patellar groove is more changeable than that inferred before. Femur doesn't adapt to the changeability which can be explained by the complications related to patellar in the displacement of knee joint.

关 键 词：髌骨沟 股骨 膝关节置换 

分 类 号：R322.71[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]