岩溶生态系统的土壤  

Some soil features of karst ecosystem

作　　者：李阳兵[1] 王世杰[1] 李瑞玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《生态环境》2004年第3期434-438,共5页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(49833002;90202003);中科院知识创新项目(KZCX2-105)

摘　　要：岩溶生态系统的土壤是岩溶地区岩石、大气、水、生物等四大圈层相互作用的产物,成土速率较慢,土壤剖面和空间分布受地貌演化阶段和岩溶双层空间结构的控制。在碳酸盐岩的差异侵蚀和土壤丧失的作用下,岩溶生态系统的土壤逐渐向裂隙和低洼部位退缩,形成景观中的土壤资源斑块,成为岩溶生态系统的养分库、水库和种子库,这种自然演替形成的小尺度上的土壤斑块和生境异质性对于维持岩溶景观的健康状况是非常重要的。今后的研究应着重从岩溶表层生态系统的运行过程中来把握岩溶生态系统土壤的动态特征和相互间的反馈关系。The soil resources in karst ecosystem are the consequences of interaction among carbonate rocks, atmosphere, water and biosphere, so the soil profile and spatial distribution are controlled by the evolution stage of physiognomy and karst double space structure, and the rate of soil formation overlying carbonate rocks is very slow. The soils in karst ecosystem move back into fissure and low-lying parts gradually by the differential erosion and soil loss of carbonate rocks, and form into soil resource patches and nutrient banks, reservoir and seed banks in karst landscape. These small scale soil patches and habitat heterogeneity formed naturally are very important to keep the health status of karst landscape. Further studies should emphasize the dynamic features of soils and mutual feedback relation with other ecological elements in karst ecosystem from the evolvement processes of epikarst ecosystem.

关 键 词：碳酸盐岩 土壤 岩溶生态系统 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学]