济南市蔬菜中硝酸盐及重金属污染  

Study on Pollution Status of Nitrate and Heavy Metals in Vegetables in Jinan

作　　者：王淑娥[1] 冷家峰[2] 刘仙娜 

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院卫生学教研室,山东济南250012 [2]济南市环境保护科学研究所,山东济南250014

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2004年第5期312-313,共2页Journal of Environment and Health

摘　　要：目的了解济南市蔬菜中硝酸盐和重金属含量。方法于2003年在济南市主要蔬菜基地采集17种蔬菜样品采用紫外分光光度法测定硝酸盐含量,同时采集8种蔬菜样品采用原子吸收光谱法测定重金属(铅、镉、铜、锌)含量,并根据GB18406-2001进行评价。结果17种蔬菜中硝酸盐含量最高的为芹菜(4895mg/kg),最低的为西红柿(23mg/kg),平均为1074mg/kg。8种蔬菜中铅、镉、铜、锌的含量分别为:0.007～0.037、0.002～0.033、0.28～2.00、0.39～3.80mg/kg。叶菜类中芹菜和小白菜硝酸盐含量超标率分别为100%和22%,其余均未超标;根茎类中萝卜硝酸盐含量超标33%,藕未超标;瓜果类中芸豆、菜花、茄子、豆角硝酸盐含量超标率分别为100%,40%,33%,8%,其余均未超标。绿叶菜类和根茎类重金属含量普遍高于瓜果类,8种蔬菜中重金属含量均未超出无公害蔬菜限量标准。结论济南市蔬菜中硝酸盐污染应引起重视。Objective To investigate the contents of nitrate and heavy metals in the main vegetables in Jinan. Methods Seventeen kinds of vegetable samples were collected from vegetable farms of Jinan in 2003 and the contents of nitrate were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Eight kinds of vegetables were collected and the contents of heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer. Results The contents of nitrate in 17 kinds of vegetables ranged from 23 mg/kg (in tomato) to 4 895 mg/kg (in celery) with the average of 1 074 mg/kg. The contents of lead, cadmium, copper and zinc in 8 kinds of vegetables were 0.007-0.037 mg/kg, 0.002-0.033 mg/kg, 0.28-2.0 mg/kg and 0.39-3.80 mg/kg respectively. For the leave vegetables, the over sanitary standard rates of the contents of nitrate in celery and cabbage were 100% and 22% respectively; for rootstalk, the nitrate contents in radish was over the restricted standard by 33%; for the melon and fruit, the nitrate contents in kidney bean, cauliflower, eggplant and bean were 100%, 40%, 33% and 8% respectively. The heavy metal contents in the greenery and rootstalk vegetables were higher than those in the melon and fruit, but the contents of lead, cadmium, copper and zinc in 8 kinds of vegetables were all below the sanitary standard for pollution,free vegetables. Conclusion Attention should be paid to the problem of nitrate pollution in vegetables in Jinan.

关 键 词：蔬菜 硝酸盐 重金属 

分 类 号：R123.6[医药卫生—环境卫生学]