三级胺及酰胺硝解研究进展  

Recent Development of Nitrolysis of Tertiary Amines and Amides

作　　者：欧育湘[1] 刘进全[1] 王才[2] 吕连营[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料学与工程学院,北京100081 [2]中国科学院化学研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《化学通报》2004年第8期560-565,559,共7页Chemistry

基　　金：国防科工委预研基金资助项目 (12 0 6 0 4 5 186 7)

摘　　要：综述了三级叔胺及酰胺硝解的近期研究进展 ,重点是已作为或有可能成为高能量密度化合物硝胺的合成。讨论了三级胺及酰胺的硝解历程 ,汇集了常用的硝化及硝解系统。详细阐述了烷基叔胺、叔酰胺、烷基酰基叔胺 。This paper reviews the recent development of nitrolysis of tertiary amines and amides, focusing on the synthesis of nitramines which have been used or have great potential for the application as high energy density compounds.The nitrolysis mechanisms of tertiary amines and amides are proposed and the widely used nitrating agents for nitrolysis are summarized.The achievements acquired mainly during the last decade on the nitrolysis of alkyl tertiary amines,tertiary amides, alkyl-acetyl tertiary amines,and especially polycyclic caged tertiary amines and amide are discussed in detail.

关 键 词：含能材料 三级叔胺 酰胺 硝解反应 硝解剂 硝解工艺 

分 类 号：TQ560[化学工程—炸药化工]