院内感染易患因素与病原谱分布的研究  

Investigation of hospital infection's susceptive factors and the distribution of the bacterium flora

作　　者：林志益[1] 陈雅娣[1] 仲守珠[1] 傅松维[1] 唐海红[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省舟山市人民医院,316004

出　　处：《浙江临床医学》2004年第9期748-749,共2页Zhejiang Clinical Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的 了解医院感染致病菌的分布和医院感染类型及易感因素。 方法 各病区临床医师按照统一表格填报医院感染病例 ,专职监控人员对医院感染病例进行确认 ,并对全部病历逐个进行调查。 结果 医院感染的发生率为4.2% ,主要病原菌为真菌类、大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌 ,分别占40.88%、10.69 %和8.49% ,主要易感人群为恶性疾病、脑血管疾病和老幼体弱者。主要高危因素为侵入性诊疗操作、抗生素使用 ,主要感染部位为下呼吸道、泌尿道。结论 医院感染的病原菌大多为条件致病菌 ,针对院内感染的易患因素应积极做好重点监控 ,侵入性诊疗要严格无菌操作 ,避免长期大量及联合使用广谱抗生素 ,应增加围术期抗生素的使用率。Objective To investigate the distribution of the bacterium flora and the type of hosipital infection and those susceptive factors. Methods The clinicians of each section filled the hospital infection cases in special tables which were affirmed by the full time inspector later,and these hospital infection patients were examined one by one. Results The incidence of hospital infection was4.2%and most of the pathogenic bodies were fungus,Escherichia coli,K.pneumoniae,which were40.88%,10.69%and8.49%respectively.Most of the pathogenic bacteria of hosipital infection were conditioned pathogen and most susceptible people were those suffered from malignant disease,brain blood vessal disease and the olders.Most danˉgerous factors were the erosive diagnosis and treatment and the usage of antibiotics.The most susceptible region were lower respiratory tract and urinary tract. Conclusion Most of the pathogenic bacteria of hospital infection were those conditioned bacteria.The effective methods should be taken to avoid the hospital infection susceptible factors such as seriously asepsis in erosive diagnosis and treatment,avoiding long-lasting and overdose using antibiotics and increasing the using of antibiotics during perioperative period.

关 键 词：医院内感染 易患因素 病原谱分布 感染类型 真菌类 大肠埃希菌 肺炎克雷伯菌 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]