高寒生态脆弱区土地利用动态变化研究——以青海省长江黄河源区为例  

Study on the land use dynamic change in high-frigidecological vulnerable region——Source region of the Yangtze and Yellow River as a example

作　　者：潘竟虎[1] 王建[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第4期80-86,共7页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：中科院知识创新重大项目"西部生态环境演变规律与水土资源可持续利用研究"部分成果(KZCX1-10-06)

摘　　要：基于长江黄河源区土地利用分类系统,利用1986年TM和2000年ETM+卫星遥感数据的对比,运用GIS方法,分析了江河源区近15年来土地利用类型的空间分布变化与演变格局.结果表明,源区林地、湿地、草地和冰川面积减少,建设用地、耕地和未利用土地面积显著增加,土地综合利用程度下降.土地利用动态转化过程以草地转化为未利用土地、湿地转化为草地和未利用地逆转为草地为主要特征,全区土地利用的空间位置转换面积大于其数量变化.气候变化和人类经济活动是导致研究区土地利用变化的主要因素.Based on land classification in the source region of the Yangtze and Yellow River,the two phases of TM/ETM remote sensing data obtained in 1986 and 2000 are compared. From spatial distribution pattern variations and type transformation trend,the land use dynamics changes are analyzed using GIS method. Results show that:From 1985 to 2000, construction land,unused land and cultivated land area increased rapidly. Grassland reduced and increasingly changed into unused land. Wetland and the forestland decreased obviously, and the comprehensive land use index reduced 0.36.As to the form of changes,the swapping area is less than its quantitative change for construction land and wetland while the quantity change is greater.As a whole,the quantity change is less than its swap. The analysis of land use dynamics shows that the speed of individual land use changes is in order of cultivated land>wetland>unused land>water body>construction land>grassland>forestland. Abnormal climate and irrational human activities are the major reasons for the change.

关 键 词：土地利用 高寒生态脆弱区 江河源区 遥感 GIS 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]