森林生态系统健康评估Ⅰ.模式、计算方法和指标体系  

Assessing forest ecosystem health I.Model,method,and index system.

作　　者：陈高[1] 代力民[1] 姬兰柱[1] 邓红兵[2] 郝占庆[1] 王庆礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2004年第10期1743-1749,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 ( 3 0 170 744;70 3 73 0 44 );国家科技攻关资助项目 ( 2 0 0 2BA5 16A2 0;2 0 0 1BA5 10B0 7)

摘　　要：生态系统健康评估是 2 1世纪生态系统学研究的主要内容和迫切任务之一 .简单实用的生态系统健康评估理论和方法需要可操作性的概念和一个全面、简明、易操作且规范化的指标体系 ,它们是进行生态系统健康评估的基础 .以阔叶红松林生态系统为例 ,从对森林生态系统健康的理解和评价出发 ,通过引入模式生态系统集的思想 ,提出了对森林生态系统健康理解的独创看法 ,并以此提出生态系统健康评估的新方法———健康距离 (HD)法 ,并推导出计算公式 .同时 ,针对阔叶红松林生态系统的系统特征和面临的各种具体健康问题 ,提出了基于自然 经济 社会复合生态系统属性的阔叶红松林生态系统健康评估指标体系 ,并具体到各度量指标 ,为下一步的健康评估打下基础 .Ecosystem health assessment is one of the main researches and urgent tasks of ecosystem science in 21st century.An operational definition on ecosystem health and an all-sided,simple,easy operational and standard index system,which are the foundation of assessment on ecosystem health,are necessary in obtaining a simple and applicable assessment theory and method of ecosystem health.Taking the Korean pine and broadleaved mixed forest ecosystem as an example,an originally creative idea on ecosystem health was put forward in this paper based on the idea of mode ecosystem set and the idea of forest ecosystem health,together with its assessment.This creative idea can help understand what ecosystem health is.Finally,a formula was deduced based on a new effective health assessment method—health distance (HD),which is the first time to be brought forward in China.At the same time,aiming at it's characteristics by status understanding and material health questions,a health index system of Korean pine and broadleaved mixed forest ecosystem was put forward in this paper,which is a compound ecosystem based on the compound properties of nature,economy and society.It is concrete enough to measure sub-index,so it is the foundation to assess ecosystem health of Korean pine and broadleaved mixed forest in next researches.

关 键 词：生态系统健康 评估 模式生态系统集 健康距离 指标体系 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]