基于生态足迹模型的中国发展可持续性评估  

DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS OF CHINA ON ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT MODEL

作　　者：刘宇辉[1] 彭希哲[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学地理系,上海200234 [2]复旦大学人口所,上海200433

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2004年第5期58-63,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

摘　　要：可持续发展的定量测度是可持续发展战略得以实施的重要条件。加拿大学者MathisWackernagel提出的生态足迹模型就是一种测量可持续性的新方法。该方法通过计算支持特定区域人类社会所有消费活动所需要的土地 (生态足迹 )与该区域可提供的生物生产性土地 (生态承载力 )相比较来判断区域发展的可持续性。本文首先简单介绍了生态足迹模型的基本概念、计算方法 ;然后对中国 2 0 0 1年生态足迹进行了实证研究。研究结果表明 ,2 0 0 1年中国人均生态足迹为 1.4743 5hm2 ,而人均承载力只有 1.0 5 3 0 6hm2 ,生态赤字为 0 .42 12 9hm2 ,中国发展具有强不可持续性。现有生产、消费模式的转变是可持续发展的必然要求。The ecological footprint model put forward and improved by William Rees and Mathis Wackernagel presents a practicable method for development sustainability assessment of China. It compares the land acquirement of all human activities and the regional biological productive land supply, and then calculates the ecological deficit or ecological surplus of a region. The zero ecological deficits present an ecological critical point of sustainable development. In this paper, the key conceptions and calculation procedures of the model are firstly presented, and then the ecological footprint of China in 2001 is calculated. The results show: the national ecological footprint per cap is 1.47435gha(global hectare), the ecological capacity per cap is 1.05306gha, and the ecological deficit is 0.42129gha. The development of China is in an unsustainable state.

关 键 词：生态足迹 生物随载力 可持续性度量 中国 

分 类 号：F416.1[经济管理—产业经济]