海水虾池的太阳池效应  

The Solar Ponds Effect of Seawater Prawn Ponds

作　　者：叶兆弘[1] 

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,水产生物技术研究所,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《集美大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第3期210-215,共6页Journal of Jimei University：Natural Science

基　　金：福建省重点科技项目(2000Z091)

摘　　要：经观测发现,雨后天晴时,海水虾池易产生太阳池效应.主要表现在池水盐度分层,形成密度梯度,水体热对流受阻,底部水温上升.测得池水表层水温30℃,底层水温达34.2℃,上下层温差达4.2℃.以水族箱模拟冬夏季条件实验结果表明:日气温31-24℃时,经8 h太阳光照,下层水温从31.2℃上升到44.7℃,上下层水温差可达7℃,造成水中日本对虾、菲律宾蛤仔死亡.而对照组表层与底层温差不明显,日本对虾未发现死亡.实验结果与海水对虾池实际情况相符,认为太阳池效应是雨后虾池对虾毁灭性死亡的一个重要原因.When the sun shines again after rain, the solar ponds effect can easily occur in the seawater prawn ponds. The reason is the salinity stratification of salt water induces the density gradient, which subsequently suppresses the water convection and warms up the water temperature at the bottom of the pond. The temperature difference between the top and the bottom of the pond water is 4. 2 t, and the water temperature at the bottom of the pond is 34. 2 ℃. The results of experimental process simulation show after eight hours exposure to the sunlight illumination, the water temperature at the bottom of the pond rises from 31. 2 ℃ to 44. 7 ℃, and the water temperature difference between the top and the bottom of the pond water can be 7℃ , resulting in the death of Penaeus japanicus and Ruditapes philippinarum in the pond. In sum, it seems that the solar ponds effect is an important reason for the truculent death of prawn in the seawater ponds after the rain.

关 键 词：太阳池 对虾养殖 虾病 

分 类 号：S955[农业科学—水产养殖]