重金属在夏玉米作物体中残留特征的田间试验研究  

Field Experimental Study on the Residue of Heavy Metal in Summer Corn

作　　者：冯绍元[1] 齐志明[1] 黄冠华[1] 查贵锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2003年第6期9-13,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(G19990457);国家高技术研究发展计划(2001AA242032)

摘　　要：田间试验设置了2种灌水水质(清水和污水)、3种灌水水平(高水、中水和低水)和2种施肥水平(中肥和无肥,限污水灌溉),共9个处理,2组重复。结果表明:夏玉米植物生理特性对重金属As、Cd和Pb在植物体中不同部位残留含量的影响要明显大于不同灌溉水质和不同灌水量的影响。污水灌溉处理中重金属As、Cd和Pb在夏玉米作物体内的残留含量因部位不同而有差异。As和Pb在夏玉米体内的残留含量分布为:花>根>叶>茎>籽,Cd的分布则为花>叶>根>茎>籽。污水处理小区As和Cd残留量较清水处理小区高,中等灌水量的污水处理小区植株Cd和Pb含量低于其它灌水处理。在植物体的任何部位,这3种重金属Pb的含量最高,As次之,Cd含量最低。Two kinds of water quality (fresh water and sewage), three levels of water quantity (high, middle and low) and two levels of fertilizer(fertilized and unfertilized) were designed in this field test. There were totally 9 treatments and 2 duplications. The results indicated that the effect of the biological characteristic of summer corn was grater than that of different water qualities and quantities on the As, Cd, Pb residual in different parts of the crop apparently. The residual quantity of heavy metal such as Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead, varied greatly in different organs of the summer corn. The distribution discipline of Arsenic(As) and Lead(Pb) in summer corn was flower>root>leaf>stalk>ear, while that of Cadmium(Cd) was flower>leaf> root>stalk>ear. The residue of Arsenic and Cadmium in crop of sewage treatment was greater than that of fresh water, and the content of Cadmium and Lead of middle sewage quantity treatment was lower relatively. Heavy metals settled less than National Quality Standard of Foodstuff. Pb ranked the first in the value of the content of these 3 heavy metals in any parts of the crop, and As ranked the second, Cd, the third.

关 键 词：重金属 夏玉米 残留量 田间试验 污水灌溉 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]