人工培育与野生施氏鲟精、卵生物学及胚胎发育的比较分析  

The comparative observation of eggs,sperm and embryonic development between wild and domesticated Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrencki Brandt

作　　者：王丙乾[1] 曲秋芝[1] 邱岭泉[1] 马国军[1] 刘洪柏[1] 孙大江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《大连水产学院学报》2003年第4期246-251,共6页Journal of Dalian Fisheries University

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关计划项目资助(2001BA505B0506)

摘　　要：对人工培育的施氏鲟AcipenserschrenckiBrandt亲鱼与野生亲鱼的成熟卵、精子及胚胎发育进行了比较观察。在相同的孵化条件下(17～19℃),两者从受精卵到孵出期有着相同的发育特征;全人工繁殖的施氏鲟成熟卵从受精到孵化出膜需100～113h,积温为1800～2034℃·h,野生施氏鲟的成熟卵从受精到出膜需95～104h,积温为1710～1872℃·h;人工培育施氏鲟成熟卵的受精率(30 12%)和孵化率(45 63%)明显低于野生鱼的(78 39%、74 54%);人工培育施氏鲟雄鱼精子的活力(快速泳动1 5～2 0min,寿命3 2～3 4min)较野生施氏鲟的(快速泳动3 4±0 5min,寿命5 3±0 2min)低得多;人工培育施氏鲟的成熟卵径(3 03±0 26mm)小于野生施氏鲟的(3 50±0 25mm),卵的粘性也较野生鱼卵低。此结果与精、卵的成熟程度有关,成熟程度上的差别又与亲鱼成熟的条件有关。Histological and morphological observation revealed that the wild Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrencki Brandt) had the same embryonic development stages from fertilized eggs to emergence as the cultured ones under the similar environmental conditions, but differs in weight, and size of the egg, accumulative temperature and the embryonic developmental period. The domesticated sturgeon had significantly lower vitality of sperm, lower fertilization rate and lower incubation rate than the wild had. The accumulative temperature from fertilization to hatching was higher in the domesticated sturgeon (1800-2034 ℃·h, 100-113 h) than that in the wild sturgeon (1710-1872 ℃·h, 95-104 h). The domesticated sturgeon had smaller egg than the wild ones had.

关 键 词：施氏鲟 卵子 精子活力 胚胎发育 

分 类 号：Q959.463[生物学—动物学] Q954.4