用槐叶苹象甲对塞内加尔河水面的槐叶苹进行有效生物控制  

Effective Biological Control of Salvinia molesta in the Senegal River by Means of the Weevil Cyrtobagous salviniae

作　　者：ArnoldH．Pieterse MarianneKettunen SaraDiouf IsmaelNdao KhadySarr AnneTarvainen SandraKloff SeppoHellsten 伍建榕 马焕成 

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]RoyalTropicalInstitute，DepartmentofRuralChange，P．O．Box95001，1090HAAmsterdam,TheNetherlands [3]CentreforBiodiversity，UniversityofTurku,FIN-20014Turku，Finland [4]MinisteredeI’Environnement,DirectiondesParcsNationaux,Dakar-Fann,Senegal [5]MinisteredeI＇Environnement,DirectiondesParcsNationaux,Dakar-Fann，Senegal [6]FinnishEnvironmentInstitute，P．O．Box140Fin-00251Helsinki，Fnnland [7]AvenidaPrincipedeAsturias，40-7A，11300LaLineadelaConcepcion，Spain [8]FinnishEnvironmentInstitute，P．O．Box413，Fin-90101Oulu，Finland

出　　处：《AMBIO－人类环境杂志》2003年第7期458-462,共5页

摘　　要：1999年,在毛里塔尼亚和塞内加尔的塞内加尔三角洲下部,槐叶苹(Salvinia molesta)的侵入对当地居民的社会经济状况以及湿地生物多样性构成严重的威胁。分别于2000年5月在塞内加尔和毛里塔尼亚及2001年4月在塞内加尔的河面引进槐叶苹象甲(Cyteobagous salviniae),最终实现了对槐叶苹的有效生物控制。2001年10月,象甲起到的作用已非常明显。植物的颜色由绿色变为深褐色或黑色,槐叶苹最终沉入水底。2001年11～12月对槐叶苹象甲扩散的监控证实了生物控制结果的真实性。至2002年4月已有结论,塞内加尔河畔槐叶苹不再成为问题。The invasion of Salvinia molesta in the Lower Senegal River Delta in Mauritania and Senegal in 1999 posed a serious threat to the socioeconomic conditions of the local people as well as to wetland biodiversity. Eventually, an effective biological control of S. molesta was obtained by means of the weevil Cyrtobagous salviniae, which was introduced in the river in Senegal and Mauritania in May 2000 and in Senegal in April 2001. In October 2001, it became apparent that the weevils were doing a magnificent job. The color of the plants was turning from green to dark-brown or black, and subsequently the plants started to sink to the bottom. Detailed monitoring of the dispersal of C. salviniae in November–December 2001 confirmed the visual observations of the outcome of biological control. In April 2002, it could be concluded that S. molesta was no longer a problem in the Senegal River.

关 键 词：槐叶苹 湿地 生物多样性 塞内加尔河 象甲科 生物控制 水生植物 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学] Q16