367例β-内酰胺类抗生素所致药物不良反应的分析  

Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by β-lactam Antibiotics in 367 Cases

作　　者：梁雁[1] 鲁云兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院,北京市100034

出　　处：《中国医院用药评价与分析》2004年第4期238-240,共3页Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China

摘　　要：目的 :对临床报告的 36 7例 β-内酰胺类抗生素的不良反应 (ADR)进行分析 ,为安全合理用药提供参考。方法 :对本院1993年～ 2 0 0 2年临床报告的 36 7例 β-内酰胺类抗生素ADR ,按照不良反应类别进行归纳、统计和分析。结果 :同期ADR临床报告共 1370例 ,其中β -内酰胺类抗生素占 2 6 79%。涉及青霉素类 2 4 1例 ,占 6 5 6 7% ,头孢菌素类 12 6例 ,占 34 33%。共 2 5种药物 ,其中阿莫西林居首位 14 8例 ,占 4 0 33%。ADR涉及人体器官 10个 ,其中皮肤黏膜损害 330例 ,占 85 71%。其严重程度 ,轻度4 3例 (占 11 72 % ) ,中度 331例 (占 84 74 % ) ,重度 13例 (占 3 5 4 % )。结论 :本次调查报告中 ,青霉素类所占比例较高 ,其中阿莫西林居首位 ;绝大多数涉及皮肤黏膜损害 ,ADR损害程度以中度为主 ,但还有些严重不良反应。OBJECTIVE:To analyze adverse drug reaction(ADR)induced by β-lactam antibiotics in 367 cases in our hospital from 1993 to 2002, in order to offer some information about safe and rational drug usage. METHODS: According to different kinds of ADR, 367 cases with ADR were summed up, counted and analyzed.RESULTS: There were 1 370 cases with ADR. Of those, β-lactam antibiotics accounted for 26.79%. 241 cases involved in penicillins(65.67%) and 126 cases in cephalosporins(34.33%) . 25 kinds of drugs were involved in. Among them, amoxicillin (148 cases)ranked first (40.33%).ADR involved in 10 organs/systems.330 cases involved in damage of skin mucous membrane (85.71%). With respect to severity ,43 cases were mild(11.72%), 331 cases were moderate(84.74%),13 cases were severe(3.54%). CONCLUSION: Of the reported cases ,the proportion of penicillins is higher ,amoxicillin ranks first .Most of ADR involve in damage of skin mucous membrane .Moderate damage is frequently found, but there still exist some severe adverse reactions.

关 键 词：Β-内酰胺类 抗生素 药物不良反应 青霉素 阿莫西林 皮肤黏膜损害 

分 类 号：R978.11[医药卫生—药品] R758.2[医药卫生—药学]