明清之际中国天主教会传教经费之来源  

The Financial Resource of the Missionary Activities of Chinese Catholic Church in the Ming and the Qing Dynasties

作　　者：汤开建[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学中国文化史籍研究所

出　　处：《世界宗教研究》2001年第4期73-87,共15页Studies in World Religions

摘　　要：教会经费的最主要来源，是各教会宗主国及教廷的资助. 但由于各国国内政治情况的变化，海上交通的梗阻或意外的出现，以及中国政府的禁教等原因，很多时候，各国及教廷的经费无法到达传教士手中，因此必须有来自其它渠道的经费进行补充。这些渠道有澳门各界及国内教友的支持，中国政府的赏赐及任职传教士的俸禄及传教士所从事的借贷收租，参与经贸活动所得收益等。本文收集中西文各方面之罕见材料，对所有可能的经费来源进行了较为深入的探讨。The main financial resource of the mission was the financial assistance from the fatherlands of every mission and Roman Catholic Church. But because of the changes of political situation in every country, the obstruction of sea road and the emergence of accidents and the edict to prohibit the missionary activities issued by Chinese government, the financial aids could not arrive at the place where the missionaries inhabited, so the expenditure must be complemented by financial support coming from other channels. These channels included the support provided by every fields of Macao and converts to Catholicism at home, the rewards given by Chinese government and the salary of the missionaries who held the civil service positions and the income drawn through collecting the rents and taking part in economic activities. By collecting the rare materials that come from Chinese and Western archives, this paper makes a research on the financial resource of the missionary activities. Born in 1950,the author is a professor of The Research Institute of Chinese History and Culture and chairman of Centre of Hongkong and Macao History and Culture, Jinan University.

关 键 词：明朝 清朝 中国 天主教 教会 传教经费 来源 经贸活动 

分 类 号：B979.2[哲学宗教—宗教学] B976.1