关于俄罗斯“可控民主”的若干思考  

Some Considerations on Russian "Contro llable Democracy"

作　　者：李兴耕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中共中央编译局

出　　处：《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》2004年第5期2-5,共4页Russian，East European & Central Asian Studies

摘　　要：俄罗斯的“可控民主”并不是在普京上台后才形成的。它经历了叶利钦时期和普京时期两个不同阶段。叶利钦时期是“可控民主”的发轫阶段 ,那时还处于一种无序状态 ;普京时期则是“可控民主”的进一步巩固和发展阶段。叶利钦时期制定的俄罗斯现行宪法是“可控民主”的主要法律基础。“可控民主”保留了西方民主的若干外部特征 ,同时受到国家政权和统治机构的严格控制和限制。普京执政以来 ,采取了一系列措施加强“可控民主”。“可控民主”对于俄罗斯来说有其合理性和必要性 ,适应俄国的现实需要。但是它也有局限性 ,缺乏有效的制衡机制。目前 ,俄罗斯的“可控民主”只是一种过渡形式 ,它必须随着时代的发展而发展 ,把民主与国家的合理调控有机地结合起来。Russian 'controllable democracy' was not formed after Putin came to power. It went through the period of Yeltsin and the period of Pu tin. The former was the starting period in disorder while the latter has been on e of further consolidation and development. The current Russian constitution for mulated in the Yeltsin period is the dominant law foundation of 'controllable de mocracy.' While retaining certain external features of Western democracy, 'contr ollable democracy' is subjected to strict control and restrictions of state powe r and ruling organs. Putin has taken a series of measures to strengthen 'control lable democracy' since he came to power.For Russia, 'controllable democracy' is rational and necessary, meeting its realistic needs, but it is also limited in t erms of effective balancing mechanism. Russian 'controllable democracy' as it st ands is only a transitional form. It has to be developed along with the times. D emocracy has to be organically integrated with rational state-regulation.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 “可控民主” 普京 垂直政权体系 政党制度 政府 

分 类 号：D751.2[政治法律—政治学]