几种坡度的台阶式溢洪道消能特性试验研究  

The dissipation characteristics on stepped spillways of different slopes

作　　者：田嘉宁[1] 李建中[1] 大津岩夫 叶林[1] 安田阳一[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,陕西西安710048 [2]日本大学理工学部

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第10期119-122,共4页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金项目(2003E218);陕西省教育厅专项科研基金项目(01JK183)

摘　　要：　对3种斜坡(5.7°,19°和30°)的台阶式溢洪道进行了模型试验研究。结果表明,当堰上相对临界水深yc/h≤2.5时,滑行水流、过渡水流和跌落水流消能率的大小不受堰上相对临界水深的限制,而只是相对坝高Hdam/yc和斜坡角度的函数,即随坡度变缓或相对坝高Hdam/yc增加,消能率增大;当坝坡相同坝高相等时,滑行水流、过渡水流和跌落水流之间的消能率差异很小,并且其消能率大小与台阶个数无关;此外,文中还给出了计算消能率的经验公式。The model experiment on stepped spillway with three different slopes (5.7°,19° and 30°) shows that energy dissipation ratio under skimming flow,transition flow or nappe flow,would not be confined by the relative critical water depth on weir (y_c/h≤2.5),and it is only the function of relative dam height (H_(dam)/y_c) and angle of slope.Energy dissipation ratio increases while slope grading down or H_(dam)/y_c rising.When H_(dam)/y_c is certain,the difference of energy dissipation ratio under skimming flow,transition flow and nappe flow is insignificant and the number of steps does not affect the energy dissipation ratio;In addition,this paper offers the experiental formula to calculate the energy dissipation ratio.

关 键 词：坡度 台阶式溢洪道 消能特性 试验 滑行水流 过渡水流 跌落水流 

分 类 号：TV653[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV135.2