海水环境中微生物附着对钝性金属开路电位的影响  

THE EFFECT OF MICROORGANISM ATTACHMENT ON THE OPEN-CIRCUIT-POTENTIAL OF PASSIVE METALS IN SEAWATER

作　　者：王佳[1,2,3] 李相波[4,5] 王伟[4,5] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学化学化工学院 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所青岛266071 [3]金属腐蚀与防护国家重点实验室沈阳110016 [4]中国科学院海洋研究所 [5]中国科学院研究生院北京100039

出　　处：《中国腐蚀与防护学报》2004年第5期262-266,共5页Journal of Chinese Society For Corrosion and Protection

基　　金：国家十五 863计划支持项目 ( 2 0 0 1AA63 5 0 80 )

摘　　要：采用电化学技术和荧光显微技术研究了微生物附着对钝性金属在海水中开路电位的影响 .研究中发现 ,在自然海水中 ,钝性金属的开路电位逐渐正移达 30 0mV .显微镜原位观察表明 ,浸入海水后 ,微生物在金属表面逐渐寄居附着 ,形成微生物膜 .微生物的数量与开路电位按相同方式增加 .但在灭菌海水中以及铜电极情况下 ,开路电位保持不变 ,微生物也很少附着在表面上 .此外 ,钝性金属界面双层电容在自然海水中逐渐减少 ,但在灭菌海水中 ,由于没有微生物膜存在 ,电容值保持不变 .这些结果证实 ,微生物在表面的附着和寄居生长是导致钝性金属开路电位正移的主要原因 .An investigation on the changes in open-circuit-potentials of passive metals in seawater was made with electrochemical technology and epifluoresence microscopy. It was found that in natural seawater, the open-circuit-potentials of passive metals shifted in noble direction gradually. The in-situ microscope observation showed that biofilm gradually formed on the metal surfaces with the increase of open-circuit-potentials and the change in bacteria number on metal surface was in the same manner with the ennoblement of the open-circuit-potentials. However, compared that in natural sea water, both open-circuit-potentials and bacteria number are not changed in sterile seawater. In addition, open-circuit-potentials and bacteria number for copper electrode were almost not changed no matter in natural or in sterile seawater. Moreover, the double capacitance of passive metals decreased with time when immersed in natural seawater, while it remained almost unchanged in sterile seawater due to the decrease in dielectric constant with the formation of biofilm in natural seawater. Above results strongly supported that bacteria attachment and growth of biofilms were the cause for the ennoblement of open-circuit-potentials of the passive metal.

关 键 词：微生物附着 开路电位 电化学 

分 类 号：TG172.5[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]