N,N-二烷基取代酰胺萃取硝酸、铀(Ⅵ)和钚(Ⅳ)的研究  

THE EXTRACTION OF URANIUM(Ⅵ) AND PLUTONIUM (Ⅳ) FROM NITRIC ACID SOLUTIONS WITH N,N-DIALKYL SUBSTITUTING AMIDES

作　　者：何龙海[1] 宋崇立[1] 徐景明[1] 龙海燕 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能技术设计研究院,北京100084 [2]上海有机所开发公司,200032

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》1993年第1期12-18,共7页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：研究了N,N-二甲庚基乙酰胺(DMHAA),N,N-二丁基丁酰胺(DBBA)和N,N-二丁基己酰胺(DBHA)对硝酸、硝酸铀酰和硝酸钚的萃取。这些萃取剂对铀和钚萃取能力中等,其络合物在芳香族稀释剂中有很高的溶解度,不形成三相。在实验条件下DBHA和硝酸形成1:1络合物,和硝酸铀酰形成2:1络合物。研究表明,改变酰胺取代基链长和支链化程度有可能筛选出在中等酸度下共萃铀钚,低酸下优先反萃钚,实现铀钚分离的酰胺萃取剂。The use of N,N-di-2-methylheptyl acetamide (DMHAA),N,N-di-butylbutylamide(DBBA) and N,N-di-butylheptylamide (DBHA) as extractants for the extraction of nitric acid,U(Ⅵ) and Pu(Ⅳ) from the nitric acid solution has been investigated. The molar ratios of DBHA-HNO3 and DBHA-UO2(NO3)2 complexes are found to be 1:1 and 2 : 1 respectively. The complexes of both nitric acid and uranyl nitrate with these amides are highly soluble in aromatic diluent such as toluene without any formation of the third phase. The results show that, by modifying the length of the substitute chain and the degree of branch chain,some substituted amides might be found with which U(Ⅵ) and Pu(Ⅳ) could be coextracted at moderate nitric acid solution and Pu(Ⅳ) could be preferably stripped at low acidity,and the separation of U(Ⅵ) and Pu(Ⅳ) could be accomplished without reductant of U(Ⅵ) and Pu(Ⅳ) in amide extraction.

关 键 词：酰胺 铀 钚 硝酸 

分 类 号：TL283[核科学技术—核燃料循环与材料]