野生杜鹃花迁地保护适应性评价  

An Adaptive Evaluation of Wild Rhododendron Under Ex-situ Conservation

作　　者：冯正波[1] 庄平[1] 张超[1] 邵慧敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所华西亚高山植物园,四川都江堰611830

出　　处：《云南植物研究》2004年第5期497-506,共10页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重大项目 (KSCX - 0 7- 0 1- 0 2 )

摘　　要：通过半定量评价法 ,对四川都江堰中国杜鹃园内引种的来自各地的、分属杜鹃属 7亚属、 35组 (或亚组 )的 131种杜鹃花的适应能力和对各生态因子的耐性进行了研究。结果表明 :很适应的占 2 5 % ,适应的占 5 2 % ,欠适应的占 15 % ,不适应的占 8%。常绿杜鹃亚属、杜鹃亚属的多数种类或主要分布于常绿阔叶林、常绿落叶阔叶混交林、针阔混交林、寒温性针叶林中的杜鹃类群 ,很适应或适应中国杜鹃园的生境 ;而主要分布于高山灌丛、高山草甸上和低海拔松 -栎林中的杜鹃类群 ,表现为欠适应或不适应当地的生境条件。从上述证据中我们认为中国杜鹃园地址的选择基本上满足了杜鹃花的迁地保护需要。The adaptive faculty and tolerance for the ecological factors of 131 species (subspecies or varieties) of Rhododendron which were gathered from different places,belong to 7 subgenera,35 sections (or subsections) respectively and were Ex-situ conserved in China Rhododendron Garden,Dujiangyan,Sichuan was investigated by means of semi-quantitative method.The result revealed that very adaptive ones accounted for 25%,adaptive ones accounted for 52%,less adaptive ones accounted for 15%,inadaptive ones accounted for 8% of the total.Most species which are inclusive of Subgen.Hymenanthes,Subgen.Rhododendron or those introduced from Ever-green Broad-leaved Forest,Ever-green and Deciduous Broad-leaved Mixed Forest,Needle-leaved and Broad-leaved Mixed Forest,and Cold Temperate Conifer Forest,are found very adaptive or adaptive to the habitat of the Garden.Where as,those rhododendrons introduced from Alpine Shrub,Alpine Meadow and Pinus-Quercus Mixed Forest on comparatively lower elevation are found less adaptive or inadaptive to the habitat of the Garden.From the evidence mentioned above,we can reasonably inferred that the location of China Rhododendron Garden we chose had basically satisfied the need for Ex-situ conservation of rhododendrons.

关 键 词：杜鹃花 迁地保护 适应性 中国 生境 

分 类 号：S685[农业科学—观赏园艺]