聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯核-壳乳液的制备及其包覆的RDX  

Preparation of Polyurethane-acrylate Core-shell Latex and its Coating of RDX

作　　者：陆铭[1] 孙杰[2] 陈煜[1] 罗运军[1] 谭惠民[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100081 [2]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2004年第3期17-20,共4页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

摘　　要：以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚氧化丙烯二醇DL-400(Mn=340)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为主要原料,制得水性聚氨酯乳液(WPU),用FTIR表征了其结构。以WPU、水、丙烯酸丁酯为原料,分别以AIBN、(NH4)2S2O8-NaHSO3作引发剂,采用种子乳液聚合的方法制备了聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯乳液(PUA),运用TEM表征了PUA乳液的粒子形态。结果表明:以AIBN为引发剂合成了具有核壳结构的PUA乳液,壳层为黑色的聚氨酯胶粒,核层为白色的聚丙烯酸酯胶粒;而(NH4)2S2O8-NaHSO3引发的乳液不具有核-壳结构,黑白粒子相间分布。采用加入10%明矾水溶液使核-壳乳液破乳的方法包覆RDX,并用SEM观察RDX的表面变化,证实包覆后的RDX表面有均匀的包覆层,且颗粒间流散性较好。Waterborne polyurethane(WPU) was prepared with TDI,DL-400(M_n=340),DMPA and BDO as main materials, whose structure was characterized by FTIR .Polyurethane-acrylate(PUA) latex was synthesized through the method of the seed-latex polymerization with WPU, water and butyl acrylate as starting materials, two kinds of initiator, AIBN and (NH_4)_2S_2O_8-NaHSO_3. Latex particles shape of PUA were determined through TEM, and the results indicated that PUA latex with core-shell structure was synthesized with AIBN as initiator, whose shell were black polyurethane particles and core white polyacrylate ones. PUA latex initiated by (NH_4)_2S_2O_8-NaHSO_3 has no core-shell structure. The method was used for the first time to deposit core-shell latex to coat RDX with 10% KAl (SO_4)_2·12H_2O solution. distilled water,40℃. Through SEM, the surface of RDX was observed to have been covered with a layer of even film after being coated with PUA, and the particles among RDX were perfectly dispersed.

关 键 词：推进剂 RDX 水性聚氨酯 聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯乳液 包覆 

分 类 号：TQ113.7[化学工程—无机化工] TQ316