西葫芦花发育特性及其化学改良措施  

The Characteristics and Chemical Improvement of Floral Development of Cucurbita pepo L.

作　　者：戚艺军[1] 程国旺[1] 王春生[2] 吴李君[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院等离子体物理研究所离子束生物工程学重点实验室,合肥230031 [2]合肥丰乐种业股份有限公司,合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2004年第4期452-455,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

摘　　要：自然条件下,西葫芦自第一节起的基部是雄花集中发生的区段,较高节位才有雌花;在早熟栽培中,相邻节位的雌花发育速度明显快于雄花。一般情况下,用40～100mg·L-1的2,4 D溶液均匀涂抹子房较处理其他部位保花促果作用更有效。用质量浓度为300mg·L-1的AgNO3溶液在第一真叶展平始期开始喷洒全株,诱雄作用显著,具有位置效应。经分析推断,Ag+的促雄作用发生在雌蕊原基形成以前。在生产实践中,应根据雄花需要量确定适宜的喷洒时期和次数。Under natural condition, staminate floral buds are concentrated at the basal nodes of Cucurbita pepo L. while female floral buds only occur at the upper nodes, and the development rate of female floral bud is obviously quicker than that of staminate floral bud during the period of early-maturation cultivation. In the case of shortage of or no staminate flowers,40 mg·L^(-1)2,4-D aqueous solution under the condition of ordinary temperature or 80～100 mg·L^(-1) under the condition of low temperature was embrocated on the ovary surface equably, whose effect on the protection and stimulation of fruit setting was more effective than on other parts of female flower.When 300 mg·L^(-1)AgNO_3 aqueous solution was sprayed on the seedling of Cucurbita pepo L. at the time of its 1st euphylla just expanding completely, whose effect on induction of staminate floral buds was significant, and showed location effect. By analysis and inference, it was considered that the promotion to development of staminate floral buds by AgNO_3 took effect before the formation of staminate primordia. As AgNO_3 was applied to promote the production of staminate flowers, the stage and frequency for spray ought to be determined according to the required amount of them.

关 键 词：西葫芦 花发育 2 4-D AGNO3 位置效应 

分 类 号：S642.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]