催化裂化过程中骨架异构化反应的研究 Ⅰ.催化裂化工艺过程中骨架异构化反应的表征及其特点  

SKELETAL ISOMERIZATION REACTION IN CATALYTIC CRACKINGⅠ. Characterization and Performances of Skeletal Isomerization Reaction in Catalytic Cracking Processes

作　　者：高永灿[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2004年第5期20-26,共7页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家重点基础项目(973)基金资助(G2000048001)

摘　　要：在提升管催化裂化装置(Riserunit,RU)中,以中间基的中东混合油的加氢脱硫常压渣油(DSAR)和石蜡基的减压蜡油(VGO)掺减压渣油(VR)构成的混合油(70%大庆VGO掺混30%大庆VR,质量分数)为催化进料,研究了DCC(Deepcatalyticcracking) Ⅰ和 Ⅱ、常规FCC(Fluidcatalyticcracking)和MIP(Maximizingiso paraffin)4种工艺中骨架异构化反应的特点、裂化气组分和汽油馏分支链度的表征及其间的关联性。结果表明,裂化气中C4组分支链度指数BG1和BG2(BG,Degreeofbranchingforcrackedgas,BG1为(异丁烷+异丁烯)与(正丁烷+正丁烯)的产率(质量分数)之比,BG2为异丁烷与正丁烷的产率(质量分数)之比)与汽油馏分支链度指数(BN,Degreeofbranchingfornaphtha,汽油馏分中异构烷烃与正构烷烃的产率(质量分数)之比)有良好的关联性。DCC、常规FCC和MIP工艺产品汽油馏分支链度、汽油馏分中异构烷烃含量以及汽油馏分中相同碳原子数烷烃的支链度等,均按DCC Ⅰ<DCC Ⅱ<FCC<MIP的顺序递增。上述4种工艺汽油馏分中C6烃和C9烃的烷烃组分的支链度均最高,为两个峰值点,但其汽油馏分中烷烃的支链度峰谷点不同,DCC工艺汽油馏分中C7烃的烷烃组分支链度最低,常规FCC和MIP工艺汽油馏分中C8烃的烷烃组分支链度最低。Characterization and performances of skeletal isomerization reaction in different catalytic cracking processes including DCC-Ⅰ(Deep catalytic cracking for maximizing propylene), DCC-Ⅱ(Deep catalytic cracking for maximizing propylene and iso-olefin ), conventional FCC (Fluidized catalytic cracking for gasoline with high octane number ), MIP (Maximizing iso-paraffin for gasoline with higher iso-paraffin content ) were studied on RU (Riser unit ) pilot plant with intermediate base DSAR (Hydrodesulfurization atmospheric resid from mid-east crude oil ) and paraffinic base (70% (mass percent) Daqing VGO mixed with 30% (mass percent) Daqing VR) feedstocks. B_(G1 )and B_(G2)(B_(G), Degree of branching for cracked gas,characterized by mass fraction ratios of B_(G1 )= (y(i-butane+i-butene)/y(n-butane+(n-butene))), and B_(G2 )=y(i-butane)/y(n-butane) ) showed good correlations with B_N(Degree of branching for naphtha, characterized by mass fraction ratios of B_N=y(i-paraffin)/(y(n-paraffin))). Degree of branching for naphtha B_(N), iso-paraffin content in naphtha and degree of branching for paraffin with same number of carbon atoms in naphtha in different processes are all in the order of DCC-Ⅰ<DCC-Ⅱ<FCC<MIP. The degree of branching for paraffin in naphtha fraction in these processes showed two maximum at C_(6)andC9,andtheminimumappearedatC7forDCCprocessandC8forbothconventionalFCCandMIPprocesses.

关 键 词：异构化反应 催化裂化工艺 加氢脱硫工艺 异丁烷 催化剂 DCC 

分 类 号：TE624.47[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]