吉林省农田景观动态与农业自然灾害相互关系研究  

Relationship between farmland landscape and agricultural natural disasters,a case study of Jilin Province

作　　者：何艳芬[1] 张柏[1] 马超群[2] 刘权[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012 [2]长安大学资源学院,陕西西安710054 [3]清华大学水文水资源研究所,北京100084

出　　处：《农村生态环境》2004年第4期19-23,共5页Rural Eco-Environment

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KZCX1-SW-19)

摘　　要：分别从作物生境、作物形态和作物种类角度分析吉林省近50a的农田景观动态变化情况,结合农业旱灾、水灾、风雹灾、霜冻灾害和作物病虫害成灾面积动态变化和各种农业自然灾害的成灾面积与受灾面积比的变化趋势,探讨农田景观动态与农业自然灾害的相互关系,指出农田景观生态多样性的降低是农业自然灾害频繁和灾损增加的一个主要原因。为了减轻自然灾害的损失,农业生产布局多样化是今后发展的方向。Dynamic changes in farmland landscape in Jilin Province in the past 50 years were analyzed from the prospect of landscape ecology,e.g.crop habitat diversity index,crop pattern diversity index and crop species diversity index.By analyzing changes in acreage of farmland stricken by drought,flood,wind and hail,frost,crop diseases and pests,and dynamics of the ratio between the acreage of disaster-stricken farmlands and the acreage of disaster-affected farmland since 1978,it was discovered that the diminishing landscape diversity is one of the main causes of the frequent occurrence of agricultural disasters and the increase in loss.It is suggested that diversified arrangement of agricultural productions be the general orientation for future agriculture so as to minimize the loss caused by agricultural disasters.

关 键 词：农田 景观 景观多样性 自然灾害 吉林省 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学] Q16[生物学—普通生物学]