中国芋种质资源的遗传多样性及分类研究  

Studies on Genetic Diversity and Taxology of Taro in China

作　　者：李庆典[1,2] 杨永平[3] 李颖[2] 周清明[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院 [2]莱阳农学院园艺系,山东莱阳265200 [3]中国科学院昆明植物研究所

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第5期424-428,共5页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国际植物遗传资源研究所资助项目(IPGRI 99/089)

摘　　要：选择中国云南省和山东省为试点,兼顾其他省区,开展芋种质资源的遗传多样性及种下分类研究,结果表明:1)在云南包括芋的野生近缘种、半栽培种、栽培品种,种质资源丰富.在山东主要是旱芋类型的多子芋品种.民间不断引进和选育新品种,有利于芋遗传多样性的增加.2)根据芋的形态学观察以及RAPD分子标记,从芋的主食器官类型不同考虑,认为:可以考虑将主食花茎的芋作为花茎用芋变种(var.Inflorescens);与叶用芋变种和球茎用芋变种组成芋种下3个变种的园艺学分类系统;对芋的种下分类系统作了相应调整,并进一步充实了中国芋种下园艺学分类检索表.3)为了减少和避免芋种质资源的损失,依据芋的生物学特性和种群数量的多少,可以分别采取就地保护、迁地保护和建立种质基因库这3条途径来解决.The authors made on-the-spot investigation about the genetic diversity and the general situation of the resources and the ecological conditions of the taro genetic resources distribution in Yunnan and Shandong province.The main results obtained are as follows:⑴ It was concluded that rich genetic diversity of taro (including wild types,cultivatable types,cultivated varieties)was still maintained in Yunnan Province.In Shandong Province,they intraduced and breeded fine varieties among the folk,it was helpful to the conservation of genetic diversity in taro.⑵ It was suggested by the morphology observation and RAPD analysis of taro that Yunnan Hongyu is nearer relation to petiole taro than purple and green types of taro.It was thought that the edible inflorescences of taro as Yunan Hongyu can be classified the third variety(var.Inflorescens).And classification system of taro was readjusted and replenished.⑶ To reduce the losses of taro germplasm resources,more intensive discussions are focused on the adaptive and practical measures and the need of implementing in situ,exsitu and setting up the national germplasm repository for taro conservation approaches.

关 键 词：芋 种质资源 遗传多样性 分类 

分 类 号：S632.323[农业科学—蔬菜学]